In this paper, a new generalization of the half-normal distribution which is called the perturbed half-normal distribution is introduced. The new distribution belongs to a family of distributions which includes the half-normal distribution along with an extra parameter to regulate skewness. The probability density function (pdf) is derived and some various properties of the new distribution are...

one of the conventional methods for temporary support of tunnels is to use steel sets with shotcrete. the nature of a temporary support system demands a quick installation of its structures. as a result, the spacing between steel sets is not a fixed amount and it can be considered as a random variable. hence, in the reliability analysis of these types of structures, the selection of an appropri...

We propose DE-RNN to learn the probability density function (PDF) of a nonlinear time series, and compute the temporal evolution of the PDF for a probabilistic forecast. A Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based model is employed to learn a nonlinear operator for temporal evolution of the stochastic process. We use a softmax layer for a numerical discretization of a PDF, which transforms a functio...

in this study, we considered an inflationary inventory control model under non-deterministic conditions. we assumed the inflation rate as a normal distribution, with any arbitrary probability density function (pdf). the objective function was to minimize the total discount cost of the inventory system. we used two methods to solve this problem. one was the classic numerical approach which turne...

We introduce and discuss the concept of Gaussian probability density function (pdf) for the n-dimensional hyperbolic space which has been proposed as an environment for coding and decoding signals. An upper bound for the error probability of signal transmission associated with the hyperbolic distance is established. The pdf and the upper bound were developed using Poincaré models for the hyperb...

We present a new calculation for the evolution of the 1-point Probability Distribution Function (PDF) of the cosmological density field based on an exact statistical treatment. Using the Chapman–Kolmogorov equation and second–order Eulerian perturbation theory we propagate the initial density distribution into the nonlinear regime. Our calculations yield the moment generating function, allowing...

A recent study of non-extensive phase transitions in nuclei and nuclear clusters needs a probability model compatible with the appropriate Hamiltonian. For magnetic molecules a representation of the evolution by a Markov process achieves the required probability model that is used to study the probability density function (PDF) of the order parameter, i.e., the magnetization. The existence of o...

Pallets and containers are reused for a long period of time circulated shared among consumers via pool system. Although attempts have recently been made to convert an EPR (Extended Producer Responsibility) system in Korea, it is difficult calculate their mandatory recycling rates because they treated as the same waste, even though clearly different from disposable consumer goods plastic packagi...