background: this study was planned to examine the effects of whole-body exposure to gsm-950 mhz electromagnetic fields (emfs) on acquisition and consolidation of spatial memory in rats using a water maze task. materials and methods: in experiment 1, the animals were given two blocks of five trials per day for three consecutive days in a water maze task. the interval between blocks was 4h. befor...

magnetic force microscope ( mfm ) is a powerful technique for mapping the magnetic force gradient above the sample surface. herein, single-wall carbon nanotubes (swcnt) were used to fabricate mfm probe by dielectrophoresis method which is a reproducible and cost-effective technique. the effect of induced voltage on the deposition manner of carbon nanotubes (cnt) on the atomic force microscope (...

Objectives: Studies have shown that most children before the age of 5 are capable to comprehend and express wh-questions in daily conversations. This study aimed at comparing the ability of wh-questions’ production in 4- to 6-year-old children in spontaneous and elicited conditions. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 4- to 6-year-old Persian-speaking children (N = 72) were selected r...

Objective(s): There is controversial evidence about the effect of methamphetamine (METH) on spatial memory. We tested the time- dependent effects of METH on spatial short-term (working) and long-term (reference) memory in METH –sensitized and withdrawn rats in the Morris water maze. Materials and Methods: Rats were sensitized to METH (2 mg/kg, daily/5 days, SC). Rats were trained in water maze ...

Group A streptococcus (GAS) antigen testing has become a routine point-of-care (POC) test in acute care settings. Concern about performance parameters (PP) of these tests as well as inappropriate antibiotic use has resulted in various recommendations regarding diagnosis of GAS. There were two objectives in this study. The first was to evaluate the rapid GAS antigen test presently in use (Thermo...

Background: This study was planned to examine the effects of whole-body exposure to GSM-950 MHz electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on acquisition and consolidation of spatial memory in rats using a water maze task. Materials and Methods: In experiment 1, the animals were given two blocks of five trials per day for three consecutive days in a water maze task. The interval between blocks was 4h...

background: the purpose of this study was to compare the effi cacy of endovac irrigation system and side-vented closed ended needle (max-i probe) in removing smear layer from root canals at 1 mm and 3 mm from working length using protaper rotary instrumentation. materials and methods: a total of 50 freshly extracted maxillary central incisors were randomly divided into two groups after complete...

A commercial DNA probe kit (Gen-probe) for the detection of rRNA from legionellae was evaluated for its accuracy in diagnosing Legionnaires' disease in 167 patients with pneumonia. The test was performed on freshly obtained clinical respiratory tract samples. Cultures and direct immunofluorescence antibody (DFA) staining of the samples and serological tests were performed simultaneously for all...