let $r$ be an associative ring with identity and $z^*(r)$ be its set of non-zero zero divisors.  the zero-divisor graph of $r$, denoted by $gamma(r)$, is the graph whose vertices are the non-zero  zero-divisors of  $r$, and two distinct vertices $r$ and $s$ are adjacent if and only if $rs=0$ or $sr=0$.  in this paper, we bring some results about undirected zero-divisor graph of a monoid ring ov...

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this paper deals with the single machine multi-product lot scheduling problem in which defective items are produced in any production run of each product. we have adopted the common cycle scheduling policy and assumed that the setup times for production of each product can be non-zero. further, we have assumed that defective items will be reworked and the inspection costs during the normal prod...

Let $A$ be an algebra over a field $F$ with $(F)\ne 2$. If is generated as by $[[A,A],[A,A]]$, then for every skew-symmetric bilinear map $\Phi:A\times A\to X$, where $X$ arbitrary vector space $F$, the condition that $\Phi(x^2,x)=0 $ all $x\in A$ implies $\Phi(xy,z) +\Phi(zx,y) + \Phi(yz,x)=0$ $x,y,z\in A$. This applicable to question of whether zero Lie product determined and also used in pro...

Let A be an algebra over a commutative unital ring C. We say that A is zero triple product determined if for every C-module X and every trilinear map {·, ·, ·}, the following holds: if {x, y, z} 0 whenever xyz 0, then there exists a C-linear operator T : A3 −→ X such that {x, y, z} T xyz for all x, y, z ∈ A. If the ordinary triple product in the aforementioned definition is replaced by Jordan t...

Let θ : A → B be a zero-product preserving bounded linear map between C*-algebras. Here neither A nor B is necessarily unital. In this note, we investigate when θ gives rise to a Jordan homomorphism. In particular, we show that A and B are isomorphic as Jordan algebras if θ is bijective and sends zero products of self-adjoint elements to zero products. They are isomorphic as C*-algebras if θ is...

Consider a Markovian Petri net with race policy. The marking process has a “product form” stationary distribution if the probability of viewing a given marking can be decomposed as the product over places of terms depending only on the local marking. First we observe that the Deficiency Zero Theorem of Feinberg, developed for chemical reaction networks, provides a structural and simple sufficie...