One of the most commonly observed surface structures on the prokaryotic cell envelopes is monomolecular crystalline array of proteinaceous subunits termed Surface Layers or S-layers. Due their self assembly ability and the highly ordered, regular structure down to the nanometer scale, S-layers were demonstrated to possess a great potential for nanobiotechnological applications. Some probiotic b...

In most microarray technologies, a number of critical steps are required to convert raw intensity measurements into the data relied upon by data analysts, biologists, and clinicians. These data manipulations, referred to as preprocessing, can influence the quality of the ultimate measurements. In the last few years, the high-throughput measurement of gene expression is the most popular applicat...

Due to the large number of I/O’s in a BallGrid-Array (BGA) package, routing becomes more and more an important work. A ring-based router for the BGA package is presented in this paper to interconnect each I/O pad of a chip to a corresponding ball distributed on the substrate area. The major phases for the router consist of layer assignment, topological routing, and physical routing. Using this ...

in the present study, we investigated total cell protein patterns of ten isolates of epidermophyton floccosum var.pigmented by sds-page on 10% polyacrylamide resolving gels. densitometric analysis of the gels allowed to detect more than 31 clearly detectable mycelial protein bands with molecular weights in the range of 12 to 98 kd proteins of 12.5, 13.5, 14.4, 16, 18.4, 19.7, 20.1, 23.5, 26, 27...

The brightest continuum source in the Orion Molecular Cloud-3 region (OMC3), MMS 6, was observed with the Very Large Array (VLA), the Nobeyama Millimeter Array (NMA), and the Submillimeter Array (SMA). Our data were supplemented by nearto mid-infrared archival data taken by Spitzer Space Telescope. The compact continuum source, MMS 6-main, was detected with an H2

Abstract— This work investigates the improvement of the active reflection coefficient of waveguide-fed phased-array antenna using liquid crystal layers. The anisotropy properties of liquid crystal layer can be employed to eliminate blind scan angle and improve the wide angle impedance matching of the waveguide-fed phased array antennas. The authors have expressed the modal analysis of the waveg...

An ethanol-assisted method is utilized to generate a robust gelated crystalline colloidal array (GCCA) photonic crystal sensor. The functionalized sensor efficiently diffracts the visible light and responds to various stimuli involving solvent, pH, cation, and compressive strain; the related color change can be easily distinguished by the naked eye.

A broadband wavelength-parallel polarimeter has been designed or polarization measurements of multiple Dense WDM channels in parallel, which is based on a 2-D spectral disperser via a diffraction grating and a virtually-imaged phased-array (VIPA). At a hyperfine 2.8 GHz sub-channel spacing, we have demonstrated spectral polarization measurements of ~1500 sub-channels (~32 nm spectral range), wi...