a proteomic approach was conducted to further understand the mechanism of plant responses to salinity in hordeum bulbosom. three-week-old seedlings were treated with 300 mm of nacl for 21 days. total proteins of fourth leaf were extracted and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. more than 500 protein spots were reproducibly detected, including 46 spots that were up-regulated and 16...

barley (hordeum vulgare l.) is a model plant, as genetic and physiological studies are concerned. abiotic stresses such as drought adversely affect the growth of plants. the objective of this experiment was to identify the responsive genes to osmotic stress, using macroarray (covering 13050 genes). rna was extracted from 5 barley genotypes in stress as well as in normal conditions at 3 times of...

Highlights • Reconstruction of mitochondrial protein import and cofactor metabolism in the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae Quantification proton motive force shows significant energy cost metabolite transport Protein activity depends on growth rate respiratory iron-sulfur cluster requirements show dependence

abstract phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, encoded by the pepck gene, plays an important role in gluconeogenesis. it also seems to be important in metabolism of nitrogenous compounds in developing seeds of legumes, including amides and ureides which are then transformed into amino acids, necessary for the synthesis of storage proteins. in this research, pepck gene expression in mrna level, in ...