The Proteus syndrome is a rare mosaic syndrome, characterized by regional or localized areas of excess growth compared to equivalent normal parts of the body. In this review, we summarize the etiopathogenetic mechanisms responsible for tissue overgrowth anomalies and the diagnostic criteria utilized for the correct formulation of its diagnosis.

Joseph Carey Merrick, better known as the “Elephant Man,” suffered from an extreme condition initially diagnosed as Neurofibromatosis I. Recent research, however, has challenged that view and has attributed his massive disfigurement to the effects of Proteus syndrome, one of the most debilitating and ravaging diseases known to man. An analysis of the data and pathology from Merrick’s records, c...

Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes among Proteus mirabilis aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, Proteus mirabilis, ESBL, plasmid-mediated resistance

The pleomorphic swarming bacilli of the genus Proteus are common human gut commensal organisms but also the causative agents of recurrent urinary tract infections and bacteremia. We sequenced and assembled the 3.99-Mbp genome of Proteus mirabilis ATCC 7002 (accession no. JOVJ00000000) and the 3.97-Mbp genome of Proteus vulgaris ATCC 49132 (accession no. JPIX00000000), both of which are commonly...

Proteus hauseri ZMd44 (CGMCC 6746), as a crucial biodecolorizing, bioelectricity-generating, and copper-resistant bacterium, is distinguished from the urinary pathogens Proteus penneri and Proteus mirabilis. To further investigate the genetic functions of this strain, the genome sequence and annotation of its open reading frames, which consist of 3,875,927 bp (G+C content, 38.12%), are presente...

Two substances differing in immunological behavior as well as in certain chemical properties have been isolated from soluble extracts of B. proteus X-19. Both substances appear to be polysaccharides. The first substance is precipitated from X-19 crude extracts by a relatively low percentage of alcohol and electrolytes (from one to two and a half volumes of alcohol). When purified as far as poss...

INTRODUCTION Bacteria of the genus Proteus, which are a common cause of urinary tract infections, are divided into four species: P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. penneri, and P. hauseri, and three unnamed genomospecies, Proteus 4, 5, and 6 (single-strain species P. myxofaciens was isolated from the gypsy moth). Establishing the serological classification of these species would aid in completing th...