PURPOSE To describe the demographics, characteristics, management pitfalls, and outcomes of pseudoptosis associated with congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM). METHODS A retrospective review was performed of eight patients presenting with ptosis and hypotropia to oculoplastic service. All patients underwent full ocular evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging of brain and or...

Surgery to create eyelid folds accounts for the highest percentage of surgeries in Asians and Koreans who receive the surgery on the upper eyelid 2 to 3 times during their lifetimes for functional or cosmetic reasons. Patients are generally satisfied with the results-the eyes becoming brighter and bigger via the improvement of pseudoptosis by fold creation. The recent trend is to seek the "perf...

BACKGROUND Dual-plane breast augmentation (DPBA) can be an effective technique for treating patients with ptotic breasts who fall somewhere in between the traditional requirements for breast augmentation versus a more extensive augmentation-mastopexy. OBJECTIVES The author outlines indications for DPBA, describes the technique, and presents outcomes data from patients receiving gel or saline ...

A recent survey found that the inferior pedicle, inverted-T skin pattern is still the most common breast reduction technique used among U.S. plastic surgeons.1 This technique has been widely taught in North America and is familiar to most American plastic surgeons. Using the skin markings of this technique, the glandular excess, skin envelope, and nipple position may be readily and reliably add...

BACKGROUND Bottoming out is a well-known phenomenon described with reduction mammaplasty (RM). To date, the evaluation of post-operative bottoming out remains an imprecise science. The following study reports the application of three-dimensional (3D) photography to objectively investigate changes in breast morphology. METHODS Patients undergoing medial pedicle RM had 3D photographs (Konica Mi...

INTRODUCTION Asymmetrical eyelid skin crease may be mistaken for ptosis due to apparent narrowing of the palpebral fissure in the eye without the skin crease. This study describes a series of patients who were mistakenly referred for ptosis operation as a result of absent skin crease. METHODS Retrospective case review. RESULTS A total of 8 patients (5 males and 3 females) were referred by t...

BACKGROUND Inferior rectus recession, Knapp procedure, partial tendon transposition, and combined procedure are different surgical procedures in the management of monocular elevation deficiency (MED). Only a few studies have been published on the management of this problem. In this study, we report our experience with patients with MED focusing on the indications and types of surgery in the sou...

Background: Throughout history, the breasts are considered important to the femininity and self-esteem of women. In augmentation mammoplasty, organ function must be preserved. Indications for the best tissue plane for coverage of silicone implants and association with mastopexy can be challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate a series of cases of mastopexy associated with silicone impl...

BACKGROUND There have been numerous studies on reduction mammaplasty and its modifications in the literature. The multitude of modifications of reduction mammaplasty indicates that the ideal technique has yet to be found. There are four reasons for seeking the ideal technique. One reason is to preserve functional features of the breast: breastfeeding and arousal. Other reasons are to achieve th...

Reduction mammaplasty and mastopexy is one of the biggest operation groups which have many techniques and their modifications. Generally accepted that, new modifications are the results of improvements of existing techniques. In this study we present a new modification of Moufarrege total posterior pedicle mammaplasty. We performed central plication to achieve a juvenile look in the superior po...