Understanding how public administrations around the world function and differ is crucial for strengthening their effectiveness. Most comparative measures of bureaucracy rely on surveys experts, households, or firms, rather than directly questioning bureaucrats. Direct officials create granular data analysis government action, so are becoming a cornerstone sector management. This article introdu...

This recently published anthology contains twelve chapters authored by various primarily European academics, who address the balance between civil servants and politicians. The book is divided into three sections, the first of which sets the scene and explains the apparent increasing tension between civil servants and politicians. The second section includes a number of country studies, chosen ...

This research aimed to analyze and classify aspects of job satisfaction from the perspective public servants in Brazil. A questionnaire based on Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS) was used collect data a statistically significant sample composed 139 employees Brazilian higher education institution. Data were analyzed using combination descriptive, correlational, multivariate statistical techniques, h...

Government-published documents often fail to communicate clearly – with citizens, but also with “professional readers” like civil servants. Visual or multimodal approaches remain rare. In particular, this is an unhelpful practice in regards to legal-bureaucratic instructions (e.g. contracts, rules, policies), which exist to guide compliant behavior. The study explores the development and the ex...