We present an alternative method for measuring ultrashort extreme-ultraviolet pulses that can be synchronized with an intense infrared pulse. The method, based on photoionization of a target atom by the extremeultraviolet pulse in the presence of the infrared pulse, has a potential accuracy of close to 1 fs and is susceptible to single-shot operation. It is demonstrated on harmonic 15 of a tita...

We present a monolithic passively Q-switched microchip laser generating 200 ps pulses at a wavelength of 1064 nm with a repetition rate of up to 2 MHz. While maintaining transversal and longitudinal single-mode operation, the pulse energy can be changed from 130 nJ to 400 nJ by varying the pump conditions of the laser. To the best of our knowledge, the repetition rate of 2 MHz is by far the hig...

The spin dynamics in Ni is studied by an exact diagonalization method on the ultrafast time scale. It is shown that the femtosecond relaxation of the magneto-optical response results from exchange interaction and spin-orbit coupling. Each of the two mechanisms affects the relaxation process differently. We find that the intrinsic spin dynamics occurs during about 10 fs while extrinsic effects s...

introduction application of near-infrared absorbing nanostructures can induce hyperthermia, in addition to providing more efficient  photothermal effects. gold-gold sulfide (ggs) is considered as one of these nanostructures. this study was performed on a tissue-equivalent optical-thermal phantom to determine the temperature profile in the presence and absence of ggs and millisecond pulses of a ...

introduction: adequate control of acne is difficult, regardless of the various conventional modalities. intense pulsed light (ipl) system is one of the emerging options that are become increasingly useful. methods: to achieve the best ipl parameters we evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of ipl at 752-nm wavelength, 35 j/cm2 fluence, 55-ms pulse duration in comparison with 572-nm wavelength...

2014 In this paper we describe time-resolved absorption and emission studies of an XeCl* laser discharge. The studies we carried out in order to gain a better understanding of the causes leading to the premature termination of both spontaneous emission and laser pulses in our device. This is a feature showed by all discharge pumped rare gas halide lasers. J. Physique 45 (1984) 1449-1456 SEPTEMB...

High pulsed electrical field as pre-processing step for fruits and vegetables in the vacuum freeze drying could increase drying rate efficiency and preserve nutritional ingredients in maximum. Moreover, high pulsed electrical field pretreatment has been successfully used to solve practical problems in the vacuum freeze drying, such as energy consumption, high production costs and long drying ti...

The control and stability of the carrier-envelope phase of few-cycle pulses are crucial issues in attoscience. This project reports on a novel few-cycle mid-infrared source based on optical parametric chirped pulse amplification with 100 kHz repetition rate at a wavelength of 3.2μm and a pulse duration of 67 fs. Due to the design of the source it is supposed to be intrinsically passively carrie...

The reduction of electrode wear is very important for high finish and high accuracy machining in microEDM. Electrically conductive CVD diamond has shown almost zero electrode wear, even at short pulse duration of 3μs, which is extremely important for maintaining the desired shape. This research involves an investigation into the EDM performance of the electrically conductive CVD diamond with re...

K. W. Madison, P. K. Patel, M. Allen, D. Price, R. Fitzpatrick, and T. Ditmire Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA Physics and Advanced Technology Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA (Received 14...