Research on social identity contingencies suggests that situational cues, such as a numerical representation of social identities in a given social environment, can trigger identity-associated threat for individuals whose social identity is marginalized. Given that popular virtual worlds (e.g., Second Life [SL]) are often criticized for White-avatar dominance or White bias, we examined the psyc...

The election of the first Black president was a watershed moment in American race relations, and many Obama voters saw their choice as affirming and furthering the dream of racial equality. However, the present study provides evidence that Obama also garnered votes from an unlikely source: those wishing to maintain racial disparities. Data from a longitudinal study of the election suggest that,...

Background and objectives: The study was conducted with the following aims and objectives: 1. To determine and assess the extent of bilateral dentoalveolar asymmetries in long face individuals. 2. To determine and assess the skeletal asymmetry in long face individuals. Methodology: Individuals of age group 18-25 yrs as per the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were selected. Lateral cep...

Research on intergroup ideologies (colorblindness, multiculturalism) has increased our understanding of intergroup attitudes. This article reports empirical tests of the relation between a newly studied ideology, polyculturalism (ideology focusing on interactions and connections among racial/ethnic groups), and intergroup attitudes. Across four studies (with racially/ethnically diverse U.S. und...

Nationalist sentiments characterize the Scotish James Macpherson’s Ossianic tales and the Persian Abul-Ghasim Ferdausi’s Shahnameh. Macpherson is remembered for his role in the nationalist Gaelic revival against the cultural dominance of Great Britain and Ferdausi is credited for enlivening Persian language and culture at the time of Arab dominance. However, Macpherson’s dual position, both as ...

Racial literacy has contributed powerful advances in multiple disciplines about how race and racism are understood. Many education scholars use the concept to refer antiracist practices ideologies, a definition that casts some people as either racially literate or illiterate. In this essay author draws on examples from literature argue interdisciplinary conceptual norm hinders scholars’ attempt...

background: there are high levels of sexual harassment in health care systems. also, workplace violence occurs against ethnic and racial minorities. this study aimed to identify the frequency of and the factors contributing to and preventing sexual and racial harassment in the workplace towards health professionals in iran. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on 6500 out of 57000 ...

Black gospelwoman and pastor Shirley Ann Caesar Williams, better known as “Shirley Caesar” to her listeners over the last several decades, entered a professionalization phase of ministry career from 1958 1966 when she joined performed with The Caravans. Being Caravan member brought it possibility being in compromising situations while on road, which would expose Caesar—a woman—to sexual (and ra...