While the upwelling radiance distribution in the ocean can be highly polarized, there are few measurements of this parameter in the open ocean. To obtain the polarized in-water upwelling spectral radiance distribution data we have developed the POLRADS instrument. This instrument is based on the NuRADS radiance distribution camera systems in which linear polarizer's have been installed. By comb...

Laboratory measurements were performed to characterize the geometrical effects in the calibration of the NASA's cloud absorption radiometer (CAR). The measurements involved three integrating sphere sources (ISSs) operated at different light levels and experimental setups to determine radiance variability. The radiance gradients across the three ISS apertures were 0.2%-2.6% for different visible...

| In previous work we developed a list-mode iterative reconstruction algorithm (LMIRA) for SPECT applied to two dimensional image reconstruction. In the 2D case we calculated the emission radiance distribution on the circular enclosure of the object. This part is the forward projection. In the backprojection we sampled the radiance on the intermediate layer using the geometric properties of the...

This paper evaluates the impact of removing random noise of radiance data using a spectral-spatial smoothing approach on data compression onboard a hyperspectral satellite. A datacube acquired using a Short Wave Infrared Full Spectrum Imager II for target detection application of hyperspectral data was tested. The impact was evaluated using both the statistical based measures and a remote sensi...

Wide dynamic range images (WDRIs) are needed for capturing scenes which include drastic lighting changes. This paper presents a method to widen the dynamic range of a camera by using a reflective liquid crystal. The system consists of a camera and a reflective liquid crystal placed in front of the camera. By controlling the attenuation ratio of the liquid crystal, scene radiance of each pixel i...

Fiber-optic radiance microprobes, increasingly applied for measurements of internal light fields in living tissues, provide three-dimensional radiance distribution solids and radiant energy fluence rates at different depths of turbid samples. These data are, however, distorted because of an inherent feature of optical fibers: nonuniform angular sensitivity. Because of this property a radiance m...

For instruments that carry onboard solar diffusers to orbit, such as the Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS), it is possible to convert the instrument's reflectance measurements to radiance measurements by knowledge of the solar irradiance. This process, which generally requires the application of a solar irradiance model, is described. The application of the irradiance model is sep...

1.0 Introduction The contrast of a given feature at a specific wavelength of light is determined by the radiance of that feature and the radiance of the background or adjacent feature against which it is viewed. Target/Sky contrast (C) is defined as the ratio of the difference between the feature (target) and the background sky radiance to the background sky radiance: where N stands for radianc...

Radiation transport modulates the spatial frequencies of atmospheric structures, acting as a low pass filter, which causes the power spectra of the accumulated radiance to have different power spectral slopes than the underlying atmospheric structure. Additional effects arise because of the non-stationarity of the atmosphere. The SHARC atmospheric radiance code is used to model both equilibrium...

We propose a progressive radiance estimation engine (PREE) hardware architecture to accelerate the processing of the progressive photon mapping with satisfactory graphic quality. The presented PREE architecture consists of four progressive radiance estimation units (PREUs), approximate full task schedule-oriented hit-point update operation controller (AFTSO-HpUOC) and approximate data-independe...