Introduction: The creation and maintenance of uninterrupted Haemodialysis (HD) is dependent on the quality reliability vascular access. native Radio-cephalic Arteriovenous Fistula (RCAVF) access choice for HD in patients with end stage renal diseases. A thorough understanding anatomy critical selecting site RCAVF that provides flow rates necessary development an optimal outflow vein. widespread...

INTRODUCTION The autogenous brachiocephalic fistula is a recognized secondary access for hemodialysis. However, veins in the antecubital fossa are often damaged, due to repeated venipunctures and subsequent scarring. Sometimes their anatomy does not enable successful arteriovenous fistula creation. In cases when the proximal part of the cephalic vein seemed patent, during ultrasound Doppler exa...

Introduction: Renal Replacement Therapy is the treatment modality for chronic kidney disease (CKD) which ranges from hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis to renal transplantation, latter being best form of treatment. But, transplantation available at limited centers only so hemodialysis most commonly used requires a vascular access. But there are surgeons in region arterio-venous (AV) fistulas rec...

BACKGROUND Obesity, which is often associated with diabetes, is increasingly encountered in the haemodialysed population, and this may produce difficulty in autogenous arteriovenous fistula creation. Prosthetic angioaccess or catheters, when used in place of autogenous fistulas, increase thrombotic and infectious complications in these already challenged patients. METHODS This prospective stu...

A well-functioning vascular access remains the lifeline for patients with end-stage renal failure, who are being treated by chronic haemodialysis. Since 1966, the radiocephalic arteriovenous (AV) fistula, initially described by Brescia and Cimino, has been employed as a vascular access in many dialysis patients [1]. The Brescia-Cimino AV fistula has a low rate of complications and a high patenc...

Autogenous arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are considered the most reliable long-term vascular access in patients undergoing haemodialysis. Although AVFs generally require fewer interventions than arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) to maintain patency, some sites of venous stenosis account for a large portion of repeated interventions. A particularly troublesome site within brachiocephalic AVFs is the c...

As bstract. The reason for increased maximal acid secretory capacity in some patients with duodenal ulcer is uncertain. We postulated that chronically increased cephalic-vagal stimulation may be a cause of increased maximal acid output. To study this, we prepared six male, mongrel dogs with a vagally innervated gastric fistula, a vagally denervated fundic (Heidenhain) pouch, and a cervical esop...