Radiation therapy (RT) evolved to be a primary treatment modality for cancer patients. Unfortunately, the cure or relief of symptoms is still accompanied by radiation-induced side effects with severe acute and late pathophysiological consequences. Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are potentially useful in this regard because radioprotection of normal tissue and/or radiosensitizing effects...

An attempt made to construct a model of relationship of the radioprotective and carcinogenic properties of biologically active compounds with their electron and information factors. We discovered a simple quantitative structure – activity relationships between the radioprotective effectiveness of chemicals and their molecular structure. It is established that carcinogenic properties of chemical...

Background: Radioprotective capability of histamine H2 receptor antagonists have been shown in several in vivo studies mainly using animal models. However, to verify the effectiveness of these agents in clinical applications, studies should be performed on human cells. In the present study radioprotective properties of these agents was examined in vitro on human lymphocytes using metaphase anal...

Despite the potential devastating health consequences of intense total-body irradiation, and the decades of research, there still remains a dearth of safe and effective radiation countermeasures for emergency, radiological/nuclear contingencies that have been fully approved and sanctioned for use by the US FDA. Vitamin E is a well-known antioxidant, effective in scavenging free radicals generat...

Ionizing radiations are one of the predominant exogenous factors that have deleterious consequences to human life The biological effects of the radiation cause damages to DNAs, lipids and proteins. Exposure to high amounts of ionizing radiation causes damages to the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal or central nervous systems, depending on radiation dose. Hence, there is an urgent need to prevent...

background: radioprotective capability of histamine h2 receptor antagonists have been shown in several in vivo studies mainly using animal models. however, to verify the effectiveness of these agents in clinical applications, studies should be performed on human cells. in the present study radioprotective properties of these agents was examined in vitro on human lymphocytes using metaphase anal...

Radioactive iodine-131 (131I) is used in the treatment and diagnosis of thyroid gland injuries. However, because it emits ionizing radiation, it causes harmful effects to cells. Given that beta-carotene (BC) has antioxidant and antigenotoxic properties, this study aimed to investigate its radioprotective and antimutagenic activity in relation to 131I at the dose that is used to treat hyperthyro...

Development of radioprotective agents has been a subject of intense research to ameliorate the aftermath of exposure to radiation exposure. The aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant and radioprotective potentials of the fruit extract of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent. Free radical scavenging activity of O. indicum fruit extracts was determined through DPPH and superoxide assays. Ascorbi...

Drug repositioning is an approach of significant translatability, and the present study was undertaken to screen a collection of FDA approved small-molecule clinical compounds for identification of novel radioprotective agents. Screening of JHCCL (Johns Hopkins Clinical Compound Library), a collection of 1,400 FDA approved small molecules, lead to identification of prilocaine hydrochloride, a l...

The effects of liposomal muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE/MLV, radioprotective immunomodulator; 10 mg/kg) and indomethacin (INDO, inhibitor of prostaglandin production; 2 mg/kg) on post-irradiation recovery of hematopoietic functions in mice were investigated. Two agents with distinct radioprotective mechanisms were administered alone or in combination 24 h and 3 h before exp...