Field rainfall simulation experiments at two sites are used to partition sediment transport on unpaved roads into splash and hydraulic erosion components. Rain splash processes contributed 38–45% of total sediment output, with instantaneous contributions being variable throughout 60-min high-energy events. For lowand medium-magnitude rainstorms, splash erosion on roads is initially controlled b...

[1] Understanding and quantifying the long-term suspended sediment discharge of drainage basins is a key goal of geomorphology, with important implications for the study of water quality, agricultural sustainability, and the evolution of landscapes and sedimentary basins over geologic timescales. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of relief/slope, precipitation, temperature, veget...

The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable shaking frequency and amplitude for shake harvesting Esfahan's edible fig (Ficus carica cv. Sabz). A hand held limb shaker with adjustable shaking frequency and amplitude was used for this study. A 3x3 factorial experiment with three levels of oscillating frequency (10, 12 and 14 Hz) and three levels of shaking amplitude (20, 32.5 and 45 ...

A methodology is presented for estimating, at the city scale, the amount of biocide released from facades during rain events. The methodology consists of two elements. First, leaching of a single facade is simulated using a two-region model, one region for the biocide in the facade and the other for that in the flow over the facade surface. In the latter region, water advection moves the biocid...

ion is the removal of rain from surface runoff processes. In addition to infiltration, it includes surface depressional storage and vegetative interception, of which surface depressional storage is of greater importance. Initial abstraction is the surface depressional storage, vegetative interception and infiltration (Fs for the GAML model) prior to the start of runoff. Most of the total surfac...

Buckle folds are common traps for hydrocarbon in several contractional provinces. Buckle folds form where stratified sequences rest a top salt or some other utterly weak rock as a decollemet zone in units with high competency contrasts by a compressive stress which acted along the length of the rock layers. An important parameter affecting buckle folding of a competent zone above a mobile decol...

The large quantities of slurry and manure that are produced annually in many areas in which cattle are raised could be an important source of organic matter and nutrients for agriculture. However, the benefits of waste recycling may be partially offset by the risk of water pollution associated with runoff from the fields to which slurry or manure has been applied. In this paper, the effects of ...