Iron bioavailabilities and antioxidant activities of 3 generic raisin types—Golden Thompson, Dipped Thompson, and Sun-dried Thompson—were quantified and compared. Iron bioavailability was assessed with an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model using cell ferritin formation as an index of iron bioavailability. Antioxidant activity was determined using the total oxyradical-scavenging capaci...

People are often able to act eeciently in places like grocery stores, libraries, and other man-made domains even if they haven't been to those particular places before: They are exercising useful knowledge about how these environments are organized in order to facilitate their tasks. In this paper we show that everyday environments exhibit useful regularities an autonomous agent can use in orde...

During study on biodiversity of Penicillium and Talaromyces species occurring on grape berries and raisin in vineyards of East- & West Azarbaijan and Gazvin provinces of Iran, five species of Penicillium and Talaromyces, namely, Penicillium crocicola, P. olsonii, P. sumatrense, Talaromyces atroroseus and T. minioluteus were characterized based on combination of morphological data and β-tubulin ...

drying is one of the most important steps in raisin processing. during this step, initial moisture content decreases up to 15-17% (db) for suitable storage. achieving optimum drying conditions can affect the processing time and improve raisin quality. temperature, air velocity and pretreatment are important factors in the quality of the grape drying process. in this research, the effect of temp...

Oral diseases, including dental caries, periodontal disease, and tooth loss, affect the majority of the population and can affect a person's overall health. Raisins contain polyphenols, flavonoids, and high levels of iron that may benefit human health. However, their oral health benefits are less well understood. We hypothesized that raisins contain antimicrobial phytochemicals capable of suppr...

Grapes and grape-derived products have worldwide importance due to its consumption by human, however, they may also be used for ruminant feeding when their price or quality is low. The objectives of current study were to determine the nutritive value, in terms of chemical composition, in vitro rumen gas production kinetics and predicted nutrient supply, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic ...