Much combinatorial optimisation problems constitute a nonpolynomial (NP) hard optimisation problem, i.e., they can not be solved in polynomial time. One such problem is finding the shortest route between two nodes on a graph. Meta-heuristic algorithms such as A∗ along with mixed-integer programming (MIP) methods are often employed for these problems. Our work demonstrates that it is possible to...

The use of a new Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for controlling a robot manipulator is presented in this paper. The RNN is a modification of Elman network. In order to solve load uncertainties, a fast-load adaptive identification is also employed in a control system. The weight parameters of the network are updated using the standard Back-Propagation (BP) learning algorithm. The proposed contro...

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing (NLP). Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), the two main types of DNN architectures, are widely explored to handle various NLP tasks. CNN is supposed to be good at extracting positioninvariant features and RNN at modeling units in sequence. The state-of-the-art on many NLP ...

Short term load forecasting (STLF) plays an important role in the economic and reliable operation ofpower systems. Electric load demand has a complex profile with many multivariable and nonlineardependencies. In this study, recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture is presented for STLF. Theproposed model is capable of forecasting next 24-hour load profile. The main feature in this networkis ...

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) provide a solution for low cost Speech Recognition Systems (SRS) in mass products or in products with energetic constraints if their inherent parallelism could be exploited in a hardware realization. Actually, the computational complexity of SRS based on Fully Recurrent Neural Networks (FRNN), e.g. the large number of connections, prevents a hardware realization....

A Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is a powerful connectionist model that can be applied to many challenging sequential problems, including problems that naturally arise in language and speech. However, RNNs are extremely hard to train on problems that have long-term dependencies, where it is necessary to remember events for many timesteps before using them to make a prediction. In this paper we ...

We present RNNbow, an interactive tool for visualizing the gradient flow during backpropagation training in recurrent neural networks. RNNbow is a web application that displays the relative gradient contributions from Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) cells in a neighborhood of an element of a sequence. By visualizing the gradient, as opposed to activations, it offers insight into how the network ...

In this paper, we extend Recurrent Neural Network Language Models (RNN-LMs) with an attention mechanism. We show that an Attentive RNN-LM (with 14.5M parameters) achieves a better perplexity than larger RNN-LMs (with 66M parameters) and achieves performance comparable to an ensemble of 10 similar sized RNN-LMs. We also show that an Attentive RNN-LM needs less contextual information to achieve s...

Biomedical named entity recognition (bio-NER) is a crucial and basic step in many biomedical information extraction tasks. However, traditional NER systems are mainly based on complex hand-designed features which are derived from various linguistic analyses and maybe only adapted to specified area. In this paper, we construct Recurrent Neural Network to identify entity names with word embedding...

We address the image captioning task by combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) with various recurrent neural network architectures. We train the models on over 400,000 training examples ( roughly 80,000 images, with 5 captions per image) from the Microsoft 2014 COCO challenge. We demonstrate that stacking a 2-Layer RNN provides better results on image captioning tasks than both a Vanill...