OBJECTIVE Data on early risk of infection in patients receiving their first treatment for type 2 diabetes are limited. We examined rates of community-based antibiotic use and hospital-treated infection in initiators of metformin and other glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs). DESIGN Population-based cohort study using medical databases. SETTING General practice and hospitals in Denmark. PARTICIP...

OBJECTIVE To examine the risk of colorectal cancer after orlistat initiation in the UK population. DESIGN Retrospective matched cohort study. SETTING Data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink from September 1998 to December 2008. PARTICIPANTS 33,625 adults aged 18 years or over who started treatment with orlistat; each orlistat initiator was matched to up to five non-initiators...

OBJECTIVES To compare 1-year direct healthcare costs and utilization among children and adolescents initiating non-stimulant medications atomoxetine (ATX) or extended-release guanfacine (GXR). METHODS In this retrospective, observational cohort study, children and adolescents aged 6-17 years with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who had ≥1 prescription claim for ATX or GXR betw...

Deproteinized natural rubber/graphene oxide (DPNR/GO) nanocomposite was prepared and characterized in the present work. GO synthesized by oxidation process via Hummer modified method, it with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), water contact angle. The presence of hydrophilic functional groups sheet confirmed FT-IR, NMR cha...

Goal: Influencing the society and changing the crowd behavior through microscopic social interactions Application: • Marketing: Viral marketing, face to face advertisement in a social network • Political science: Electoral campaigns • Social science: control of crowd movements Investigated Problems so far: Find the k most influential persons (K-MIP) of a society (also called initiators, key pla...

A series of titanium pyridonate complexes have been synthesized under very mild reaction conditions from a common precursor, Ti(NMe2)4. These complexes have been explored as initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide and ε-caprolactone and have proven to be competitive with leading titanium initiators. Furthermore, these complexes have been shown to be competent initiators fo...

In this study, we propose an extended Watts model to examine the effect of initiators on information cascades. The assumes that nodes with connections have low adoption thresholds than other nodes, due significant influence initiators. We develop a tree approximation describe active node fraction for in random networks and derive cascade condition global occur small By analyzing window Erdős–Ré...

OBJECTIVE Meta-analyses of epidemiologic studies have suggested that metformin may reduce cancer incidence, but randomized controlled trials did not support this hypothesis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study, Clinical Practice Research Datalink, was designed to investigate the association between use of metformin compared with other antidiabetes medications and cancer r...