Research shows that continuing competitive pressure applied during development and production leads to better industry performance, often at reduced cost. However, the entrenched practice of one-time competition for an entire program life-cycle often endows the winner with a very strong monopolistic power that lasts for decades. This paper describes continuous competition as leverage to acquire...

Stefan problem with kinetics is reduced to a system of nonlinear Volterra integral equations of second kind and Newton's method is applied to linearize it. Product integration solution of the linear form is found and sufficient conditions for convergence of the numerical method are given. An example is provided to illustrated the applicability of the method.

This article proposes an optimal method for approximate answer of stochastic Ito-Voltrra integral equations, via rationalized Haar functions and their stochastic operational matrix of integration. Stochastic Ito-voltreea integral equation is reduced to a system of linear equations. This scheme is applied for some examples. The results show the efficiency and accuracy of the method.

in this article, a numerical method based on  improvement of block-pulse functions (ibpfs) is discussed for solving the system of linear volterra and fredholm integral equations. by using ibpfs and their operational matrix of integration, such systems can be reduced to a linear system of algebraic equations. an efficient error estimation and associated theorems for the proposed method are also ...

This article proposes a direct method for solving three types of integral equations with time delay. By using operational matrix of integration, integral equations can be reduced to a linear lower triangular system which can be directly solved by forward substitution. Numerical examples shows that the proposed scheme have a suitable degree of accuracy.  

in this paper, an effective numerical method is introduced for the treatment of nonlinear two-dimensional volterra-fredholm integro-differential equations. here, we use the so-called two-dimensional block-pulse functions.first, the two-dimensional block-pulse operational matrix of integration and differentiation has been presented. then, by using this matrices, the nonlinear two-dimensional vol...

in this research, the framework is presented for unsupervised change detection using multitemporal sar images based on integration clustering and level set methods. spatial correlation between pixels were considered by using contextual information. also as proposed method was used integration of gustafson-kessel clustering techniques (gkc) and level set methods for change detection. using clust...

We examine the introduction of the voluntary filing program (VFP) by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for the introduction of XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language), or Interactive Data as called in the US. XBRL is a machine-readable standardized format for financial reports. The VFP allowed firms to file annual and quarterly reports using XBRL. This program represents a quas...

We review the renormalization group method applied to non-equilibrium dynamics by tracing the way how the hydrodynamic equations can be derived as reduced dynamics of the Boltzmann equation as a typical example.

This work focuses on cost reduction methods for forest species recognition systems. Current state-of-the-art shows that the accuracy of these systems have increased considerably in the past years, but the cost in time to perform the recognition of input samples has also increased proportionally. For this reason, in this work we focus on investigating methods for cost reduction locally (at eithe...