We investigate the error versus reject tradeo for classi ers. Our analysis is motivated by the remarkable similarity in error-reject tradeo curves for widely di ering algorithms classifying handwritten characters. We present the data in a new scaled version that makes this universal character particularly evident. Based on Chow's theory of the error-reject tradeo and its underlying Bayesian ana...

In this paper we present an interface system for the control of mobile devices based on motion and using existing camera technology. In this system the user can control the phone’s functions by performing a series of motions with the camera and each command is defined by a unique series of these motions. A sequence of motion features is produced using the phone’s camera and these characterise t...

The TIM (T cell immunoglobulin mucin) proteins have emerged as key regulators of allergic and autoimmune diseases due to their influence on T helper (Th)-1 and Th-2 responses. On page 955, Chen and colleagues show that one member of this family, TIM-2, multitasks as a receptor for H-ferritin, a component of the iron storage protein ferritin. Ferritin was not what the group expected to find when...

A protein known for its role in dismantling faulty SNARE complexes can also help to maintain complexes that have formed properly during membrane fusion.

A classical problem in control theory is to impose, via feedback, a prescribed steady-state response to every external command in a given family. This may include, for instance, the problem of having the output of a controlled plant asymptotically track any prescribed reference signal in a certain class of functions of time, as well as the problem of having this output asymptotically reject any...

Darek Isaacs responds to the challenges to his paper, “Is there a dominion mandate?” This discussion explores the differences between blessings and commandments in light of how their distinctions would impact the understanding of the so-called dominion mandate. This discussion explores the nature of reproduction and how the outcome of reproduction is a result of the blessing of the womb, and no...

This paper proposes an approach to addresses the control challenges posed by a fault-induced uncertainty in both dynamics and input effectiveness of class hierarchical nonlinear systems which high-level is nonlinearly coupled with multi-agent low-level dynamics. The has multiplicative subjected exogenous disturbance input. On other hand, system actuator faults causing time-varying dynamical mod...

A helicopter is a highly nonlinear system. Its mathematical model difficult to establish accurately, especially the complicated flapping dynamics. In addition, forces and moments exerted on fuselage are very vulnerable external disturbances like wind gust when flying in outdoor environment. This paper proposes composite control scheme which consists of backstepping controller an extended state ...