If computer systems are to be designed to foster resilient performance it is important to be able to identify contributors to resilience. The emerging practice of Resilience Engineering has identified that people are still a primary source of resilience, and that the design of distributed systems should provide ways of helping people and organisations to cope with complexity. Although resilienc...

“Resilience” describes how systems operate at an acceptable level of normalcy despite disturbances or threats. In this paper we first consider the interdependencies inherent in critical infrastructure systems and how resilience mitigates associated risks and then define “resilience” in distinction from convention control engineering. We then introduce the concepts “agent” and “multi-agent syste...

This study presents a conceptual framework for analyzing urban resilience in the context of climate change. The key conceptual elements of resilience are first identified and then reorganized with a focus on cities and climate change adaptation. This study covers not only ecological and engineering resilience but also resilience as a sociopolitical process from an evolutionary perspective. The ...

Defining Resilience Resilience has emerged in the last decade as a concept for better understanding the performance of infrastructures, especially their behaviour during and after the occurrence of disturbances, e.g. natural hazards or technical failures. Recently, resilience has grown as a proactive approach to enhance the ability of infrastructures to prevent damage before disturbance events,...

Network resilience is becoming a key issue in the design of IP-based multimedia and multiservice networks. The current discussion about IP network resilience centers around MPLSbased recovery mechanisms. Any well designed recovery strategy has to take into account the different resilience requirements of the single traffic flows in order to avoid excessive usage of bandwidth for standby links. ...

Theories within psychology tend to follow a Lakatonian structure, sometimes harbouring a strong resilience towards falsification. Theories that potentially could be discarded stay in the field because no strong challenger exists. Popper’s philosophy suggests that falsified theories should be rejected, but in practice psychology is more robust and theories are typically subject to batteries of e...

BACKGROUND The term resilience describes stress-response patterns of subjects across scientific disciplines. In ecology, advances have been made to clearly distinguish resilience definitions based on underlying mechanistic assumptions. Engineering resilience (rebound) is used for describing the ability of subjects to recover from adverse conditions (disturbances), and is the rate of recovery. I...

OBJECTIVE I review and critique basic ideas of both traditional error/risk analysis and the newer and contrasting paradigm of resilience engineering. BACKGROUND Analysis of human error has matured and been applied over the past 50 years by human factors engineers, whereas the resilience engineering paradigm is relatively new. METHOD Fundamental ideas and examples of human factors applicatio...

This paper describes the approach taken to develop resilience engineering guidance for safety assessment of functional changes in air traffic management (ATM). It summarizes the process of deriving resilience principles for ATM, originating from resilience engineering concepts and transposed into ATC operations. These principles are the foundation for a method incorporating resilience engineeri...