A low K,,, guanosine 3’:5’-monophosphate (cyclic GMP)specific phosphodiesterase was purified about 250-fold from crude extracts of the guinea pig lung by steps of DEAEcellulose chromatography, hydroxylapatite treatment, and preparatory polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Analytical gel electrophoresis revealed two protein bands, indicating that the enzyme preparation was about 50% homogeneous. ...

The effects of acetylcholine, ischemia, and anoxia on myocardial cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP were investigated in isolated rat hearts perfused under either constant flow (14 ml/min) or constant pressure (100 cm H,O) conditions with physiological saline gassed with 95% O,-5% COj. In paced, constant flow-perfused hearts, cyclic GMP increased from a control of 35 to 62 fmol/mg protein and remained e...

In Vibrio cholerae, the second messenger cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) positively regulates biofilm formation and negatively regulates virulence and is proposed to play an important role in the transition from persistence in the environment to survival in the host. Herein we describe a characterization of the infection-induced gene cdpA, which encodes both GGDEF and EAL domains, which are known to m...

UNLABELLED The alarmone (p)ppGpp regulates transcription, translation, replication, virulence, lipid synthesis, antibiotic sensitivity, biofilm formation, and other functions in bacteria. Signaling nucleotide cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) regulates biofilm formation, motility, virulence, the cell cycle, and other functions. In Mycobacterium smegmatis, both (p)ppGpp and c-di-GMP are synthesized and d...

Kinetic parameters and the renal clearances of plasma adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) were evaluated in normal subjects using tritium-labeled cyclic nucleotides. Each tracer was administered both by single, rapid intravenous injection and by constant intravenous infusion, and the specific activities of the cyclic nucleotides in plasma an...

An improved method was developed to align related protein sequences and search for homology. A glutamine amide transfer domain was identified in an NH2-terminal segment of GMP synthetase from Escherichia coli. Amino acid residues 1-198 in GMP synthetase are homologous with the glutamine amide transfer domain in trpG X D-encoded anthranilate synthase component II-anthranilate phosphoribosyltrans...

We report here the purification and characterization of phosphomannose isomerase-guanosine 5”diphospho-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase, a bifunctional enzyme (PMI-GMP) which catalyzes both the phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) and guanosine 5’-diphosphoD-mannOSe pyrophosphorylase (GMP) reactions of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa alginate biosynthetic pathway. The PMI and GMP activities co-eluted in the ...

Extraction of polysaccharides from Gynura medica (GMPs) was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). A central composition design including three parameters, namely extraction temperature (X₁), ratio of water to raw material (X₂) and extraction time (X₃), was used. The best conditions were extraction temperature of 91.7 °C, extraction time of 4.06 h and ratio of water to raw material of...

The signaling nucleotide cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) regulates the transition between motile and sessile growth in a wide range of bacteria. Understanding how microbes control c-di-GMP metabolism to activate specific pathways is complicated by the apparent multifold redundancy of enzymes that synthesize and degrade this dinucleotide, and several models have been proposed to explain how bacter...

Introduction: The efficacy of Growth Monitoring and Promotion (GMP) program depends on active participation. However, its low acceptance by mothers is believed to reduce their participation in the program. Objective: This study aims to assess maternal beliefs and knowledge about GMP and examine its association with the child growth parameters. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study...