Determination of axonal pathways provides an invaluable means to study the connectivity of the human brain and its functional network. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is unique in its ability to capture the restricted diffusion of water molecules which can be used to infer the directionality of tissue components. In this paper, we introduce a white matter tractography method based on anisotropic...

The central shift of 57Fe atoms with trapped interstitials (mixed dumbbells) in aluminium increases steeply at temperatures between 10 and 20 K. Influences of restricted diffusion of the Mossbauer atom in a cage on the isomer shift and second order Doppler shift are discussed.

It is shown that internal gradient combined with the restricted diffusion effect can significantly influence the D-T2 cross plots, which are widely used for fluid typing in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) well-logging applications. By using models that capture the most important features of the internal gradient in the sedimentary rocks, such effects can be accounted for in the D-T2 inversion ...

The signals recorded by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) are dependent on the micro-structural properties of biological tissues, so it is possible to obtain quantitative structural information non-invasively from such measurements. Oscillating gradient spin echo (OGSE) methods have the ability to probe the behavior of water diffusion over different time scales and the potenti...

Intracellular diffusion properties of water in F98 glioma cells immobilized in basement membrane gel threads, are investigated with a pulsed-field-gradient spin-echo NMR technique at diffusion times from 6 to 2000 ms and at different temperatures. In extended model calculations the concept of 'restricted intracellular diffusion at permeable boundaries' is described by a combined Tanner-Kärger f...

Behavior of catalytic reactions in narrow pores is controlled by a delicate interplay between fluctuations in adsorption-desorption at pore openings, restricted diffusion, and reaction. This behavior is captured by a generalized hydrodynamic formulation of appropriate reaction-diffusion equations (RDE). These RDE incorporate an unconventional description of chemical diffusion in mixed-component...

Enzymes required for sulfur metabolism have been suggested to gain efficiency by restricted diffusion (i.e., channeling) of an intermediate APS(2-) between active sites. This article describes modeling of the whole channeling process by numerical solution of the Smoluchowski diffusion equation, as well as by coarse-grained Brownian dynamics. The results suggest that electrostatics plays an esse...

Self-diffusion NMR is used to investigate monodispersed oil in water emulsions and the subsequent gel formed by removing the water through evaporation. The radius of the oil droplets in the emulsions is measured using a number of diffusion methods based on the measurement of the mean squared displacement of the oil, water, and tracer molecules. The results are consistent with the known size of ...

Double-wave-vector diffusion-weighting (DWV) experiments [1] can be used to characterize local spin diffusion in tissue. They have been successfully applied to detect restricted diffusion [2] and diffusion anisotropy present on a microscopic level in macroscopically isotropic samples [3]. Thereby, the additional degree of freedom, the angle between the two wave vectors, is explored by rotating ...

Mandated efforts to assess chemicals for their potential to bioaccumulate within the environment are increasingly moving into the realm of data inadequacy. Consequently, there is an increasing reliance on predictive tools to complete regulatory requirements in a timely and cost-effective manner. The kinetic processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) determine the ...