A computer-assisted pattern-recognition system (ADAPT) designed to elucidate structure-activity relationships was applied to a set of retinoids, potentially useful inhibitors of carcinogenesis. A data set of 67 retinoids was used as input to the ADAPT system; their structures were entered, and their 3-dimensional configurations were optimized by a molecular modelling algorithm. Forty of these r...

Retinoids are synthetic and natural analogues of vitamin A that have various effects on cellular differentiation, cellular proliferation, immune system, and embryonic development. The present study reviews the history of systemic retinoids in medicine, the structure of synthetic retinoids and their mechanisms. The main focus is on their biologic functions, clinical uses, and the adverse effects...

Retinoids are natural and synthetic derivatives of retinol, otherwise known as vitamin A. Retinoids bind to several classes of proteins including retinoid-binding proteins and retinoid nuclear receptors leading to the activation of specific regulatory elements of DNA that are involved in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Several clinical studies have examined the role of r...

PURPOSE To examine the effect of two retinoids, all-trans-retinoic acid (tretinoin) and all-trans-9-(4-methoxy-2,3,6- trimethylphenyl)-3,7-dimethyl- 2,4,6,8-nonatetraenoic acid (acitretin) on the production of plasminogen activators and plasminogen activator inhibitors by human retinal pigment epithelial cells in culture. METHODS Cultures of human retinal pigment epithelial cells were incubat...

BACKGROUND Treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP) is a major challenge for clinicians and patients. There is limited scientific evidence about topical treatment with retinoids. We conducted a literature review of data on the effectiveness and safety of topical retinoids in OLP patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases for articles on topical retinoi...

Retinoids are promising agents for cancer chemoprevention. The myriad effects of retinoids on biological processes including development, differentiation, homeostasis, carcinogenesis and apoptosis are mediated through their molecular targets, the retinoid and rexinoid receptors. Tissue specific expression patterns, ligand specificities, receptor numbers, their distinct functions and functional ...