A large number of resources are dedicated to seawater desalination and will only grow as world-wide water scarcity increases. In arid areas with high temperature and salinity seawater, thermal desalination and power plants (dual-purpose/co-generation plants) are often employed for the production of power and water. In other areas, reverse osmosis is commonly employed. However, both technologies...

The purpose of this study is to develop a new approach in modeling and simulation of a reverse osmosis desalination system by using fractional differential equations. Using the Legendre wavelet method combined with the decoupling and quasi-linearization technique, we demonstrate the validity and applicability of our model. Examples are developed to illustrate the fractional differential techniq...

The overarching goal of this research project is to develop technologies for beneficial salinity management. Specifically, the project focuses on the energy and resources recovery from reverse osmosis (RO) desalination concentration, which can reduce the cost associated with desalination operation and minimize the environmental impact associated with the disposal of desalination concentrate. Th...

Model-based control and monitoring such as feed-forward/feedback control, fault detection and isolation (FDI), and fault-tolerant control (FTC) techniques that utilize Lyapunov-based control laws are implemented on a high recovery reverse osmosis desalination plant model. A detailed mathematical model of a high recovery reverse osmosis plant is developed. This model incorporates the large spati...

This paper investigates the simulation of a hybrid desalination system composed of multi-effect evaporation with thermal vapour compression desalination (METVC) and reverse osmosis (RO) plant. The hybrid desalination system is also integrated with a gas turbine power plant through a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). First, a comprehensive Thermodynamic model for HRSG, METVC, and RO are deve...

Countries which do not have adequate supply of freshwater sources like Kuwait resort to using desalination plants to meet their demand. Kuwait had used Multi-flash desalination (MSF) plants sine the 50’s of the last century to satisfy its ever increasing demand. Many new and more efficient and cost effective desalination technologies are currently available. Kuwait is in the process of building...

Growing populations and periodic drought conditions have exacerbated water stress in many areas worldwide. In response, some municipalities have considered desalination of saline water as a freshwater supply. Unfortunately, desalination requires a sizeable energy investment. However, renewable energy technologies can be paired with desalination to mitigate concern over the environmental impacts...

Reducing the energy consumption of membrane desalination is critical to reducing its cost of water and minimizing desalination’s CO2 emissions. Hybrids of reverse osmosis (RO) with ultrapermeable membranes promise to address the efficiency, rejection, and fouling issues. In a batch reverse osmosis (BRO) process, salinity is varied over time so that the applied pressure better matches osmotic pr...

The last chapter elucidated the experimental setup and the factors influencing each unit of the large-scale seawater desalination process, with the reverse osmosis. This chapter deals with subjects such as the modeling of each unit of Sea water reverse osmosis (SWRO), the integration of these models to form an entire plant, and the future direction of the statistical modeling of the SWRO proces...