Introduction istorically, Hippocrates (460 – 377 B.C.) was the first physician who described the evacuation of pus from pleural space. Then, Galen (129 – 199 A.D.) wrote on the same procedure. 2 In Iran, some renowned physicians such as Ahwazi or Haly Abbas (10 century A.D.), Razi or Rhazes (865 – 925 A.D.), and Ibn-Sina or Avicenna (980 – 1037 A.D.) had also mentioned the chest diseases such a...

BACKGROUND Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariyyā al-Rāzī, known as Rhazes in the Western world (854-925 CE), was an Iranian polymath, physician and one of the most prominent sages in the medieval period. He wrote several medical books and treaties such as "Continents", a comprehensive medical encyclopedia, treaties in smallpox and measles, "Al-Mansuri" and many other important manuscripts in the medi...

in 41 ayat of holy quran, it is discussed about child birth, formation of fetus in uterus and also its process. it led to attention of muslim scholars to this topic. they had wide researches and experiments on gynecology, fertility, infertility and childbirth. their findings are considerable even in current era. medical sciences in islamic golden age (contemporaneous with medieval age in the we...

Background Measles is a contagious illness with symptoms including fever, cough and rash. Although after the start of vaccination, its mortality rate has decreased significantly, but in some countries, the disease still leads to dangerous complications. Since infectious diseases such as measles has long been of interest to practitioners, in this study the perspective of Traditional Iranian Medi...

Iran has a longstanding history and a rich heritage of medicine. Two reputable Persian medical scholars of the Middle Ages are Razi (Rhazes) and Ibn-Sina (Avicenna). Their most important otorhinolaryngologic contributions based on the relevant data from two major medical books i.e., al-Hawi (Liber Continens) and Qanun fi-Tebb (Canon of Medicine) are discussed. *** he “Golden Age of Medicine” in...