conclusions because a considerable number of idus in iran are receiving reduction services, tailoring services for prevention of hepatitis infection are necessary. results hcv infection was found to be primarily associated with female gender [odds ratio (or) 5.0, 95% confidence interval (ci) 2.0-10.0)], unmarried status (or 2.9, 95% ci 1.9-4.4), drug use for more than 10 years (or 2.7, 95% ci 1...

The field of disaster management in South Africa has developed dramatically over the past seven years. The paradigm shift from civil protection to disaster risk management brought with it the realisation that the nianagemeni of disaster risk is paramount to reducing successfully the vulnerability of these communities mo.st at risk. The resilience and coping mechanisms of communities affected by...

The core of empowering a community to become more resilient is rooted in disaster risk reduction and its education imparted using various educational tools, mainly through awareness and training programs. Conveying the available knowledge resources to the community by transforming it in a way that matches the local context in order to build a “culture of safety” is the hardest matter to be deal...

fault tree analysis (fta) as a probabilistic risk assessment (pra) method is used to identify basic causes leading to an undesired event, to represent logical relation of these basic causes in leading to the event, and finally to calculate the probability of occurrence of this event. to conduct a quantitative fta, one needs a fault tree along with failure data of the basic events (bes). someti...

background: long distance truck drivers (ldtds) and their sexual health risk behaviors have been associated with greater prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis), hiv and hepatitis virus transmission. however, there is no information about iranian ldtds' high-risk behaviors. the aim of this investigation was to estimate the prevalence of high-risk behaviors in iranian ldtds. methods...

In light of increasing losses from floods, many researchers and policymakers are looking for ways to encourage flood risk reduction among communities, business, and households. In this study, we investigate risk-reduction behavior at the household level in three European Union Member States with fundamentally different insurance and compensation schemes. We try to understand if and how insuranc...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of cigarette smoking among incarcerated adult men and women is three-four times higher than in the general population, ranging from 70-80%. However, little is known about factors associated with smoking among incarcerated adolescents, especially upon their re-entry into communities after release from jail. The current study explores factors associated with smoking amon...

conclusions these results indicate that the epidemic of risk behavior varies in subjects according to factors including gender, the university where one studies, parents’ occupation and their income, and the number of family members. results the research indicates that 45.2% of students sometimes, mostly, or always have an improper diet, 56.5% have no physical activity, 62.3% have experienced u...

background: the pregnancy was a risk factor for excessive weight gain for women. however, there is no information about the prevalence of obesity and its relationship with a history of pregnancy in girls. therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the prevalence of obesity in adolescent females with a history of pregnancy and fac­tors associated with it, in korea. me...