Purpose Valsalva hemorrhagic retinopathy is a form of preretinal hemorrhage that develops after a valsalva maneuver, leading to rupture of the superficial retinal capillaries. Here, we report a case of valsalva retinopathy secondary to blowing a conch, the first case report of its kind. The patient blew conch, which was part of his daily ritual to pray to God as he was a Hindu priest. Observa...

Religious education has been an issue of social and political debate in many countries but mostly in countries where people from different national, cultural and religious origins live. Religious identity is a core element of a person’s identity that constitutes a crucial right of the person and its personal freedom. Every country and every state should protect the right of its citizens to exer...

Analysis of Covariance was conducted on quantitative data collected by chaplains from January 2005 to December 2008. Data from 82 Catholic, Jewish, and Protestant chaplains, consisting of 53 CPE students and 29 professional chaplains were used in this study. Overall, chaplains exhibited a statistically significant higher rate of prayer with patients from their own religion (religious concordanc...

The objective of the current studies was to test whether praying for a relationship partner would increase willingness to forgive that partner. In Study 1 (N = 52), participants assigned to pray for their romantic partner reported greater willingness to forgive that partner than those who described their partner to an imagined parent. In Study 2 (N = 67), participants were assigned to pray for ...

¶1 On Sunday morning, Ms. B. dials into Prodigy, then logs on to the Prayer Line, a bulletin board storing messages from around the world. She scans a list of the most recent entries: Learning how to lean; Let me pray for you; My father; My mother’s stroke; National day of prayer; Please pray; Prayer for health; Ralph needs prayer; The father’s heart.1 These are the supplications of a group tha...

conclusions rectifying the life style is one of the most effective factors on the individuals’ health. an important part in the life style of individuals which is related to fasting is sleeping. early rising, in other words, the optimum time for sleeping is an aspect of fasting and it can be concluded that fasting is meaningful with early rising. sleeping well and having enough time to sleep fo...

135 Management F or most software applications, the use of commercial off-the-shelf products has become an economic necessity. Gone are the days when upsized industry and government information technology organizations had the luxury of trying to develop—and, at greater expense, maintain—their own database, network, and user-interface management infrastructure. Viable COTS products are climbing...

The theory of ritual presented in this article is based on the notion “territory.” Ritual performance encompasses a set of techniques to affect the identity of participants: away from individuality and by communal demarcation of a symbolic territorial model in space or time. The form of ritual is seen as autonomous, i.e. as relatively independent of meaning. As a set of identity-affecting techn...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to test the relative and combined efficacy of clomipramine and exposure and ritual prevention in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in adults. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and cognitive behavior therapy by exposure and ritual prevention are both established treatments for OCD, yet their relative and combined efficacy have not been...