In this paper, localization based on Received Signal Strength (RSS) is investigated assuming a path loss log normal shadowing model. RSS-based estimation schemes of ranges are investigated; three different schemes are studied: Mean, median and mode. Estimation of position is performed using weighted least square approximation. We show that the positioning accuracy depends on the used estimator ...

We demonstrate a digital micromirror device (DMD)-based optical system that converts a spatially noisy quasi-Gaussian to an eighth-order super-Lorentzian flat-top beam. We use an error-diffusion algorithm to design the binary pattern for the Texas Instruments DLP device. Following the DMD, a telescope with a pinhole low-pass filters the beam and scales it to the desired sized image. Experimenta...

Let a smooth family of Riemannian metrics g(τ) satisfy the backwards Ricci flow equation on a compact oriented n-dimensional manifold M . Suppose two families of normalized n-forms ω(τ) ≥ 0 and ω̃(τ) ≥ 0 satisfy the forwards (in τ) heat equation on M generated by the connection Laplacian ∆g(τ). If these n-forms represent two evolving distributions of particles over M , the minimum root-mean-squa...

Split window (SW) methods, which have been successfully used to retrieve measurements of land surface temperature (LST) and sea surface temperature (SST) from MODIS images, were exploited to evaluate the SST data of three sections of Italian coastal waters. For this purpose, sea surface emissivity (SSE) values were estimated by adding the effects of salinity and total suspended particulate matt...

Drought prediction is the most effective way to mitigate drought impacts. The current study examined ability of three renowned machine learning models, namely additive regression (AR), random subspace (RSS), and M5P tree, their hybridized versions (AR-RSS, AR-M5P, RSS-M5P, AR-RSS-M5P) in predicting standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) multiple time scales. SPEIs were calcu...

In radar signature analysis, the root mean square (RMS) surface slope is utilized to assess the relative contribution of multiple scattering effects. For an exponentially correlated surface, an effective RMS slope can be determined by truncating the high frequency tail of the roughness spectrum. The choice of the cutoff frequency and the effect on surface scattering simulations are discussed.

This paper reports the development of a quantitative target approximation (qTA) model for generating F(0) contours of speech. The qTA model simulates the production of tone and intonation as a process of syllable-synchronized sequential target approximation [Xu, Y. (2005). "Speech melody as articulatorily implemented communicative functions," Speech Commun. 46, 220-251]. It adopts a set of biom...

We introduce a method, known as one-dimensional sonomyography (1-D SMG), that uses A-mode ultrasound signals to detect dynamic thickness changes in skeletal muscle during contraction. We custom-designed a 1-D SMG system to collect synchronized A-mode ultrasound, joint angle, and surface electromyography (EMG) signals of forearm muscles during wrist extension. We extracted the 1-D SMG signal fro...

Standing people are exposed to whole-body vibration in many environments. This paper investigates the effects of horizontal whole-body vibration and standing posture on task performance. Sixteen participants were exposed to random vibration (up to 4 Hz) whilst performing a timed pegboard task in two standing postures. Objective and subjective indicators of performance were used. Time taken to c...

The wavefront of an injection-seeded soft x-ray laser beam generated by amplification of high-harmonic pulses in a λ=18.9 nm molybdenum plasma amplifier was measured by a Hartmann wavefront sensor with an accuracy of λ/32 root mean square (rms). A significant improvement in wavefront aberrations of 0.51±0.03λ rms to 0.23±0.01λ rms was observed as a function of plasma column length. The variatio...