GaN/AlN resonant tunneling diodes RTD were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition MOCVD and negative differential resistance with peak-to-valley ratios as high as 2.15 at room temperature was demonstrated. Effect of material quality on RTDs’ performance was investigated by growing RTD structures on AlN, GaN, and lateral epitaxial overgrowth GaN templates. Our results reveal that negat...

We study ultrafast operation of multiple-valued quantizers composed of resonant-tunneling diodes (RTDs) and high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). The operation principle of these quantizers is based on the monostable-multistable transition logic (MML) of series-connected RTDs. The quantizers are fabricated by monolithically integrating InP-based RTDs and 0.7-μm-gate-length HEMTs with a cu...

Resonant tunnelling diodes (RTDs) are very fast non linear circuit elements which have been integrated with transistors to create novel quantum devices and circuits. They are today considered the most mature type of quantum-effect devices, already operating at room temperature, and being promising candidates for future nanoscale integration. The incorporation of tunnel diodes into transistor te...

We show, first, that the charge relaxation (response) time of resonant-tunneling diode (RTD) can be significantly shorter or longer than the resonant-state lifetime, depending on RTD operating point and RTD parameters. Coulomb interaction of electrons is responsible for the effect. Second, we demonstrate that the operating frequencies of RTDs are limited neither by resonant-state lifetime, nor ...

It is a trend for the large hydropower bases to transport electricity consuming center with High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission lines. The fault of HVDC has great significance impact on units in islanding sending AC grid. In this paper, hybrid simulation system established analyze dynamic characteristic system. based Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) and Signal Processor (DSP). ele...

To meet the requirements of micro-grid real-time simulation, a novel real-time simulator for micro-grids based on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and orders (FO-RTDS) is designed. We describe the design idea of the real-time solver and the order generator. Multi-valued parameter prestorage and multi-rate simulation are introduced to reduce the computational pressure. The data scheduling is...

The basic concept behind RTDs (Resistive Temperature Detectors) is a very simple one. A current is passed through a material that has a stable and defined change in resistance versus a change in absolute temperature. The most common example of this is the Platinum (Pt) 100 curve equal to 0.00385Ω/Ω/°C. This Pt 100 curve has a base resistance of 100Ω at 0°C and is described typically according t...

Background There is paucity of information concerning whether AFP change is a predictor of prognosis for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (RHCC) patients after trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods A total of 177 RHCC patients who received TACE as first-line therapy were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified into three groups according to their pre-TACE and post-...

This paper presents the implementation of a fast adaptive single-phase reclosing scheme based on the measurement of voltage harmonic content. The main objective of this scheme is to ensure the application of single-phase reclosing after the transient fault extinction or perform automatic blocking maneuver and three-phase tripping for permanent faults. The transmission system represented was bas...

The work of the last two decades on RTDs has been dominated by the needs of semiconductor heterostructure devices for high frequency operation and high speed applications. The fast transit time of the quantum effect involved in the conduction mechanism and the exhibited negative differential resistance have motivated these extensive efforts. The development of the band-gap engineering has opene...