INTRODUCTION Fibromyalgia is a chronic rheumatic disease producing widespread pain, associated to a major comorbidity -irritable bowel syndrome. Low FODMAPS diet (low fermentable oligo-di-mono-saccharides and polyols diet) has been effective in controlling irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. Overweight is an aggravating factor for fibromyalgia. We studied effects of low fermentable oligo-di-mono...

Boronic acids can reversibly bind diols, a molecular feature that is ubiquitous within saccharides, leading to their use in the design and implementation of sensors for numerous saccharide species. There growing understanding importance saccharides many biological processes systems; while or carbohydrate sensing medicine most often associated with detection glucose diabetes patients, have prove...

Iron limits primary productivity in vast regions of the ocean. Given that marine phytoplankton contribute up to 40% of global biological carbon fixation, it is important to understand what parameters control the availability of iron (iron bioavailability) to these organisms. Most studies on iron bioavailability have focused on the role of siderophores; however, eukaryotic phytoplankton do not p...

A novel method for the conversion of unprotected and unmodified aldoses to aldo-imidazoles has been developed. Using iodine as a catalyst in acetic acid solution, a series of mono- and oligosaccharides, including those containing carboxyl and acetamido groups, undergo an oxidative condensation reaction with aromatic vicinal diamines at room temperature to give the corresponding aldo-imidazole p...

Chemistry laboratories at universities are often given a unique nickname based on their research areas such as “metal catalyst specialist” or “natural product specialist” with or without knowing. Our laboratory might be called “sugar specialist”. Generally, saccharides have been synonymous for a “formidable” project for many chemists. They misunderstand that the laboratory dealing with sacchari...

Standard monosaccharides are widely distributed in nature and easily obtained by degredation of polysaccharides or isolation from various materials for example plants, microorganisms, yeast, marine sources or milk. However, the structures of many sugars which are known today are different from the general formula Cn(H2O)n. They are modified by amino groups or deoxygenation to name but a few. Ma...

The symbols Gn , Gm , and Gx represent straight-chain malto-oligosaccharides containing n, m, and x units of (I ->4)-Cl.-D-glucopyranose; cGx is a CD composed of x units. A D-glucose unit at the non-reducing end of a (I ->4)-X-D-glucopyranosyl chain appears to be transferred by way of either 0-4 or C-4 to either C-I or 0-1 of another D-glucose unit that functions as a suitable donor. A variety ...

Carbohydrates exist as aldoses, which are polyhydroxyaldehydes, and ketoses, being polyhydroxyketones. Their open–chain forms can be suitably represented by Fischer projections. Aldoses and ketoses can be of different chain length and are all derived from glyceraldehyde. A formal insertion of a stereogenic (HCOH)–group between the carbonyl carbon atom and the α–C–atom of glyceraldehyde leads to...

The inhibitory effect of arylboronic acids which act as a transition state analogue for certain peptidases is efficiently intensified by added saccharides: this finding enables us to control the enzyme activity by a combination of arylboronic acids and polyols including sugars. In particular, the combined system of 3-biphenylboronic acid and D-glucose strongly inhibited the hydrolysis reaction ...