Herb-drug interaction strongly limits the clinical utilization of herbs and synthetic drugs. The inhibition of drug metabolism has been widely accepted to be an important reason for herb-drug interaction. The present study aims to investigate the inhibitory potential of herbal component scutellarein towards the metabolism of AZT which is the first U.S. government-approved antiretroviral drug fo...

This article analyses the importance of communication by letter during initial months 1241 Mongol invasion Europe (c.March–July 1241). It focuses especially on 10 letters found in Ottobeuren collection (Innsbruck, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Tirol, Cod. 187, ff. 1v–8v). Through a close reading and its visualisation form network graph, this reconstructs transmission history letters, inclu...

www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of November 22, 2008 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/322/5905/1241 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/322/5905/1241/DC1 can be f...

www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of December 10, 2008 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/322/5905/1241 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/322/5905/1241/DC1 can be f...

A digestibility trial was conducted to examine the effect of feeding rate on dry matter, gross energy, crude protein and phosphorus digestibility in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Duplicate groups of fish were fed 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.9% BW/day. The faeces were collected by Guelph-type collectors for five successive days. Dry matter, protein and phosphorus digestibility’s were all s...

Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin disorder clinically characterized by depigmented patches. With therapeutically challenging, a deeper understanding of its pathomechanisms needed to improve current therapeutic approaches. Granzyme B (GzmB), serine protease, has been identified in abundance vitiligo lesions, and genetic polymorphisms GZMB have reported multiple patients. It initially discovered gra...

Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts were exposed to one of the four different aerobic exercise regimens for 10 weeks followed by a 1 week final smoltification period in fresh water and a subsequent eight-day seawater transfer period. Samples of gill and intestinal tissue were taken at each time point and gene expression was used to assess the effects of exercise training on both branchial and in...