One of the oqtical datasets for optimal selection of future lunar lana_ng sites is local, to regional-scale topography. Lunar base site selection will require such data for hoth engineering and scientific olX,rations purposes. The Lunar Geosctence Orbiter or Lunar Obsert_or is the ideal precursory science mission from which to obtain this required information. We suggest that a simple laser alt...

-Barometer is a well-organized tool for determining atmospheric pressure. The altimeter is a tool which calculates the vertical distance in accordance with a reference level. The barometric altimeter, computes the altitude according to the atmospheric pressure. Accuracy and size are the major issues in altimetry. On the other hand the present day altimeters employing conventional pressure senso...

Satellite radar altimeter plays an important role in ocean remote sensing. In China an altimeter will be embarked on the forthcoming HY-2 satellite, which can bring significant benefits to international altimetry society. Modern altimeters adopt I/Q demodulators to detector sea echoes, so the imbalances between the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) channels introduce errors on altimeter parameter...

This article reviews the progress in research on North Pacific mode waters of the past decade from the physical oceanographic perspective. The accumulation of satellite altimeter sea surface height data, the rapid growth of the Argo profiling float array, and the advancement in eddy-resolving ocean general circulation models have greatly improved the traditional views on the mode waters that we...

In the Japan/East Sea, energetic high-frequency large-scale barotropic motions are shown to lead to large aliasing errors in satellite altimetry observations. The combined aliasing from several neighboring and crossing tracks produces artificial mesoscale signals in altimeter-mapped products, significantly changing the map interpretation. The alias can be well suppressed by subtracting the larg...

Past experiences with ERS and Topex/Poseidon altimeter data have shown that rain can significantly alter the quality of altimeter measurements (dynamic heights, significant wave heights, wind speed) [1][2][3][4]. Among all the different atmospheric phenomena which can affect the altimeter measurement, rain is one of the less well understood and at present no reliable correction can be made for ...

A comparison of signiicant wave heights H s was performed using satellite altimeter data available between 1978 to 1994 from SEASAT, GEOSAT, ERS-1 and TOPEX. The purpose was to estimate the degree of accuracy between the diierent instruments. Statistical properties of H s as obtained from the altimeters are found to be compatible with those from in situ measurements in the North Atlantic. All H...

The requirement to operate aircraft in GPS-denied environments can be met by using visual odometry. Aiming at a full-scale aircraft equipped with a high-accuracy inertial navigation system (INS), the proposed method combines vision and the INS for odometry estimation. With such an INS, the aircraft orientation is accurate with low drift, but it contains high-frequency noise that can affect the ...

This study presents mathematical analysis and numerical modeling for the estimation of measurement errors height over sea surface a precision radar altimeter installed in low altitude flying vehicle. Reflective properties electromagnetic signals from are determined by local backscattering patterns illuminated. The vehicle received echo at output its tracking system is sum three factors: first f...

Improved global mean sea level is obtained by combining two datasets: large-scale mean sea level based on measurements of twin-satellite mission GRACE and mesoscale sea level tilt derived from the momentum balance as seen in drifter, satellite altimeter and wind data. Hybrid product reveals complex structures of main currents even after averaging over 10 years and shows their places in the larg...