Citation: Blokland A, Sambeth A, Prickaerts J and Riedel WJ (2016) Why an M1 Antagonist Could Be a More Selective Model for Memory Impairment than Scopolamine. Since the early studies of Deutsch (1), the non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist sco-polamine has been used as a drug that impairs memory performance in man. The notion that scopolamine could be used as a pharmacological model of...

Introduction: Cholinergic neuronal deficiency is one of the main causes of Alzheimer's pathology, which leads to learning and memory impairment. Scopolamine is a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist commonly used to induce Alzheimer's disease (AD). Insulin also regulates learning and memory function. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of central administration of insulin on pa...

OBJECTIVE Medicinal plants have attracted global attention due to their safety as well as their considerable antioxidant content that helps to prevent or ameliorate various disorders including memory impairments. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of beet root (Beta vulgaris) leaf extract on scopolamine-induced spatial memory impairments in male Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METH...

Transdermal scopolamine and transdermal placebo patches were administered on alternating days to 12 normal volunteer subjects. Visual near-point values and self-reports of blurred vision were systematically assessed 24 hours following each transdermal patch. Blurred vision was not reported following the first scopolamine patch, but became increasingly frequent following successive scopolamine p...

Eight subjects studied a set of complex visual images after administration of 0.4 mg scopolamine. Another 8 subjects performed the same task without drug administration. On a subsequent item recognition test, subjects rated, on a 5-point scale, their confidence that the studied pictures and an equal number of unstudied lures were actually presented. Results showed that scopolamine affected resp...

BACKGROUND Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has been used as a traditional herb in the treatment of many medical disorders. Ginsenosides, which are triterpene derivatives that contain sugar moieties, are the main pharmacological ingredients in ginseng. This study was designed to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg3-enriched ginseng extract (Rg3GE) on scopolamine-induced memory impairment...

Play behavior was assessed in juvenile rat pups following chronic administration of scopolamine (0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) to one partner in each dyad of rats. Scopolamine administration significantly reduced the number of pins and mean pin duration of both playmates in pairs where only one rat was injected with scopolamine (irrespective of dose). However, dorsal contacts were significantly incre...

Previous studies have demonstrated that sirolimus has therapeutic effects for Alzheimer's disease which characterized by cognitive dysfunction. However, its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of therapeutic effects of sirolimus for cognitive dysfunction rat model which induced by chronic administration of scopolamin...

Studies on the effect of scopolamine on memory are abundant but so far only regulation of the muscarinic receptor (M1) has been reported. We hypothesized that levels of other cholinergic brain receptors as the nicotinic receptors and the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, known to be involved in memory formation, would be modified by scopolamine administration.C57BL/6J mice were used for the...

Scopolamine is an alkaloid widely used in medicine for its anticholinergic activity. The aim of this review is to show that metabolic engineering techniques constitute a suitable tool to improve the production of tropane alkaloids, focusing in particular on scopolamine. We present an overview of results obtained by various research groups, including our own, who have studied the overexpression ...