Sea anemones are known to contain a wide diversity of biologically active peptides, mostly unexplored according to recent peptidomic and transcriptomic studies. In the present work, the neurotoxic fractions from the exudates of Stichodactyla helianthus and Bunodosoma granulifera were analyzed by reversed-phase chromatography and mass spectrometry. The first peptide fingerprints of these sea ane...

A facile unipolar pulse electrodeposition combined with the thermal oxidation method was applied for fabrication of CuO/Co3O4 composites on carbon electrode for water electrolysis, and it was found that the sea anemone-like one with a 3D hierarchical structure formed at -0.8 V exhibited excellent performance for water electrolysis at a low overpotential with high stability.

In the recent years, there is evidence of training a red type of zebrafish which differs from wild-type in body color. There is not any document how it reaches to the ornamental fish farms of Iran but at first, it was a doubt it belongs to a morphotype or genetic modification (GM). First of all, a set primer was designed to validate zebrafish species. Mitochondrial 16srDNA was selected and ampl...

1928),3 to the reversal of the ciliary stroke on the lips of Metridium. In consequence of the relative abundance of glycogen in the meat of mussels such a response might have been anticipated. No reversal was obtained from ordinary starch or from glucose when these substances were applied to the lips of the sea-anemone as the glycogen was. I concdude that glycogen may be added to the short list...

Megafauna play an important role in benthic ecosystem function and are sensitive indicators of environmental change. Non-invasive monitoring of benthic communities can be accomplished by seafloor imaging. However, manual quantification of megafauna in images is labor-intensive and therefore, this organism size class is often neglected in ecosystem studies. Automated image analysis has been prop...

We sought to determine if the global distribution of sea anemones (cnidarian order Actiniaria) conforms to the classic pattern of biogeography--taxon richness at the equator with attenuation toward the poles--a pattern that is derived almost entirely from data on terrestrial plants and animals. We plotted the empirical distribution of species occurrences in 10° bands of latitude based on publis...

Anemone¢shes (genera: Amphiprion and Premnas; family Pomacentridae) are a group of 28 species of coral reef ¢shes that are found in obligate symbiosis with large tropical sea anemones. A phylogenetic hypothesis based on morphological analyses of this group suggests that the ancestral anemone¢sh was a generalist with similar morphology to other pomacentrids, and that it gave rise to other anemon...

15. McCauley, B.S., Wright, E.P., Exner, C., Kitazawa, C., and Hinman, V.F. (2012). Development of an embryonic skeletogenic mesenchyme lineage in a sea cucumber reveals the trajectory of change for the evolution of novel structures in echinoderms. Evodevo 3, 17. 16. Kraus, Y., Fritzenwanker, J.H., Genikhovich, G., and Technau, U. (2007). The blastoporal organizer of a sea anemone. Curr. Biol. ...

Acontia, located in the gastrovascular cavity of anemone, are thread-like tissue containing numerous stinging cells which serve as a unique defense tissue against predators of the immobile acontiarian sea anemone. Although its morphology and biological functions, such as defense and digestion, have been studied, the defense behavior and the specific events of acontia ejection and retraction are...

We recently identified the existence of new isoforms of Avt-I (from sea anemone Actineria villosa) and Pstx20 (from sea anemone Phyllodiscus semoni) hemolytic toxins, and named them Avt-II and Pst-I. Avt-II and Pst-I differ in length by 14 and 7 bp, respectively, as compared to their corresponding isoform genes. Both newly found isoform genes have the coding regions with the identical length of...