Stochastic Petri nets have been extended for the modelling of hybrid systems by adding uid places, that are lled and emptied continuously at random (normally distributed) rate. The ow rates as well as the discrete transition rates may depend on the content a uid place holds. The dynamics of the model are described by second order partial diierential equations, that can be solved by using an imp...

A crucial property of second order fluid models is the behaviour of the fluid level at the boundaries. Two cases have been considered: the reflecting and the absorbing boundary. This paper presents an approach for the stationary analysis of second order fluid models with any combination of boundary behaviours. The proposed approach is based on the solution of a linear system whose coefficients ...

The Müller-Israel-Stewart second-order theory of relativistic imperfect fluids based on Grad's moment method is used to study the expansion of hot matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. The temperature evolution is investigated in the framework of the Bjorken boost-invariant scaling limit. The results of these second-order theories are compared to those of first-order theori...

We present a Petri net formalism that allows for mixed discrete and continuous stochastic models. The continuous part of the models consists of uid places that are lled and emptied at random (normally distributed) rate. Fluid places can be used for the modelling of continuous system components as well as for continuous approximation of heavily loaded discrete places in order to avoid state spac...

the compact finite difference schemes have been found to give simple ways of reaching the objectives of high accuracy and low computational cost. during the past two decades, the compact schemes have been used extensively for numerical simulation of various fluid dynamics problems. these methods have also been applied for numerical solution of some prototype geophysical fluid dynamics problems ...