Background: One of the factors limiting successful processing of alpaca (Vicugna pacos) semen is the viscosity of seminal plasma. The viscous nature of the collected ejaculate has hindered sperm cryopreservation as well as artificial insemination (AI) under field conditions. Aims: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate recovery, motility, ...

BACKGROUND The risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission during assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) is still disputed and no report concerning its prospective evaluation is available. METHODS The aim of this 4-year follow-up multicentre study that enrolled 86 HCV-serodiscordant couples was to determine whether a sperm-processing method was able to reduce levels of HCV in semen and the ...

INTRODUCTION Prolonged survival of patients under HAART has resulted in new demands for assisted reproductive technologies. HIV serodiscordant couples wish to make use of assisted reproduction techniques in order to avoid viral transmission to the partner or to the newborn. It is therefore essential to test the effectiveness of techniques aimed at reducing HIV and HCV loads in infected semen us...

Introduction: In recent years, modern microscopic imaging in parallel with digital image processing techniques, have facilitated computerized semen analysis. However, in these methods, distinguishing sperms from other semen particles can be hampered by low contrast of microscopic images and the possibility of neighboring sperms touching each other. Materials and Methods: This article introduced...

Background: Artificial insemination is a valuable tool in genetic improvement programs and widely used breeding technique in farm animals. Semen processing and cryopreservation causes considerable damage to sperm DNA, motility apparatus, plasma membrane, acrosomal cap and thus, reduced fertility. Selenium is an integral part of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), an enzyme which protects cell inte...

Cryopreservation has the capacity to extend spermatozoa’s lifespan and viability. In addition, the semen samples can be collected, preserved and stored or sent to distant locations and still be used long after the death of the semen donor. In this study for the vitrification of dog sperm (fresh and swum-up sperm), different cryopreservation mediums on the basis of glycerol, milk and egg yolk we...

Background: Artificial insemination (AI) has been used for increasing genetic potential of animals in production while application of AI has been restricted in buffalo due to low freezing ability and fertility of frozen-thawed buffalo spermatozoa. So improvement in buffalo sperm cryopreservation may enhance the breeding programs of this valuable farm animal. Semen processing is one of the major...

In Victoria the usual diluent for deep frozen bull semen consists of a mixture of egg yolk, sodium citrate and glycerol. The semen is equilibrated in this mixture for 17 hours prior to freezing. O’Dell and Almquist (1957), and Amman and Almquist (1957) found that survival of spermatozoa as assessed by motility was increased when the semen was diluted with a mixture of glycerol, fructose and ski...

Research up to 1993 is reviewed. Various methods for processing, freezing and thawing of semen have been elaborated and their effect on survival and fertility of spermatozoa have been examined in vitro or in fertility tests. Diluents initially used for freezing bull semen had their limitations and were modified or replaced by new media. The freezing diluents investigated included citrate-sugar-...