During incineration of wastes in waste incineration plants, polluted flue gases are generated which have to be subjected to flue gas purification. Although the legal requirements are nearly unambiguous, the question of whether wet flue gas purification is to be performed in a sewage-free or sewage-generating manner is discussed controversially by experts in the Federal Republic of Germany. As a...

in order to investigate distribution status of heavy metals in cropping systems of water logging and dry farming, an experiment was conducted as split-plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research field of sari agricultural science and natural resources university. a paddy-soil considered for water logging system and the planted field with vegeta...

pH variation in sewers has a significant effect on hydrogen sulfide production and emissions, and hence its accurate prediction is critical for the optimization of mitigation strategies. In this study, the nature and dynamics of pH variation in a sewer system is examined. Three sewer systems collecting domestic wastewater were monitored, with pH in all cases showing large diurnal variations. pH...

Regulatory requirements – Control of pollution in receiving waters is the main reason for regulation. Many jurisdictions are moving towards regulations prohibiting discharges of untreated sewage into water bodies, and this is a problem for many older systems that carry combined stormwater and sanitary sewage. Even the quality of urban stormwater is coming under scrutiny and limits are being imp...

BACKGROUND Group A rotaviruses are the most significant cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Rotaviruses are shed in high numbers and dispersed widely throughout bodies of water in the environment. This represents a significant health hazard for humans, mainly due to the stability of the viruses during wastewater treatment processes. This study was conducted to evaluate the pre...

1. Urban drainage systems fal into two categories: “separated” systems where stormwater and sewage is reticulated in separate reticulation systems; and “combined” systems where the same pipes are used for both. The report deals exclusively with the urban litter problems associated with the stormwater conduits and streams in a country where the stormwater and sewage are always (theoretically at ...

Sewage sludge-amended soils may alter their ability to adsorb heavy metals over time, due to the decomposition of sludge-borne organic matter. Thus, we studied Cd, Ni, and Zn adsorption by a sewage sludge-amended soil (Typic Xerofluvent) before and after one-year incubation in both monometal and competitive systems. In the monometal system, the order of decreasing sorption was Zn>Cd>Ni. Competi...

A study was conducted to examine the role of aquatic plants used in constructed wetlands on the survival of enteric bacteria and viruses. Four small-scale wetland systems, receiving fresh water and two other wetland systems, receiving secondary unchlorinated sewage were used in this study. Fresh water and secondary sewage without the presence of any aquatic plants were used as controls. Escheri...

BACKGROUND Studies of water-related gastrointestinal infections are usually directed at outbreaks. Few have examined endemic illness or compared rates across different water supply and sewage disposal systems. We conducted a cohort study of physician visits and hospitalizations for endemic intestinal infectious diseases in a mixed rural and urban community near Vancouver, Canada, with varied an...