KOSEKI J. KOBAYASHI-KIRSCHVINK∗, KING-FAI LI†,‡,§, RUN-LIE SHIA† and YUK L. YUNG† ∗Department of Mathematical Engineering and Information Physics The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan †Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA ‡Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratories Research School of Physics and Engineering Aus...

This study tested for cross-sectional dependencies between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) among countries in four regions: Africa, America, Asia, and Europe. When cross-sectional correlations are identified in a group of countries, panel data regression with common factors proposed by Pesaran (2006) is used to determine whether the environmental Kuzne...

Iran's Islamic revolution had so many effects on political, social, cultural and economic conditions of Shiites outside of Iran and caused a special formation of Muslims identity beliefs in the world, especially shia Muslims. Islamic revolution was a turning point in the Saudi Shia movement to get their spoiled rights by governance structure in Saudi Arabia and helped Shia movements to revive a...

Iran's Islamic revolution had so many effects on political, social, cultural and economic conditions of Shiites outside of Iran and caused a special formation of Muslims identity beliefs in the world, especially Shia Muslims. Islamic revolution was a turning point in the Saudi Shia movement to get their spoiled rights by governance structure in Saudi Arabia and helped Shia movements to revive a...

Today the rivalry between Iran and Saudi Arabia is one of defining factors in Middle East political arena. The Islamic world's division into Shiite Sunni often considered a factor affecting bilateral relations Tehran Riyadh. positions itself as center gravity for all Shiites region, while seeks to form an anti-Iranian alliance on basis. This article assesses impact doctrinal tensions these two ...