To analyze the detection probability of shipborne AIS (automatic identification system) signal from space, a mathematical model dependent upon three factors of message collision avoidance, power of signal received by satellite and interference ratio of signal received is presented in the paper. The altitude and footprint area of the AIS satellite are discussed to overcome the collision of messa...

A new, rugged, precise, accurate and fast primary method of measurement has been proposed for the determination of gold in various gold articles. Precise and accurate measurement of gold is the primary requirement for hall marking and to trade gold internationally, as billions of dollars of gold are trading world wide for the various applications. At present Fire Assay ASTM E 1335-08 is the onl...

BACKGROUND Fecal-fat is typically measured by extracting lipid from homogenized feces with subsequent gravimetric/titrimetric analyses that are time-consuming and involve toxic solvents. Accordingly, an efficient and more safe method to quantitate fecal-fat is needed. The present objective was to adapt CEM SmartTrac technology (i.e. (1)H NMR) to rapidly (< 5 min) quantitate fecal-fat and compar...

Quality assessment is an important part in the strapdown airborne gravimetry. Root mean square error (RMSE) evaluation method is a classical way to evaluate the gravimetry quality, but classical evaluation methods are preconditioned by extra flight or reference data. Thus, a method, which is able to largely conquer the premises of classical quality assessment methods and can be used in single s...

Shipborne solar absorption measurements of CO2, CH4, N2O and CO and comparison with SCIAMACHY WFM-DOAS retrievals T. Warneke, R. de Beek, M. Buchwitz, J. Notholt, A. Schulz, V. Velazco, and O. Schrems Institute of environmental physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany Alfred Wegener Institute, Potsdam, Germany Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany Received: 2 April 2004 – Accepte...