When I began my career in medical statistics, back in 1972, little was heard of power calculations. In major journals, sample size often appeared to be whatever came to hand. For example, in that month, September 1972, the Lancet contained 31 research reports which used individual subject data, excluding case reports and animal studies. The median sample size was 33 (quartiles 12 and 85). In th...

This is an empirical analysis which depicts the preference significance of private commercial banks to establish the importance of various criteria that attracts the young customers. In here, this study segregates the different criteria which are significantly more important in inspiring selection over time and those which have been considerably less important. For this study, sample size was 1...

Sample size estimation is an essential step in the design of clinical trials. For normal data, the calculation is based on estimates of the mean and variance of the treatment effect. These estimates are often unreliable because they are based on smaller studies, possibly looking at a different population than the one of interest. If the true treatment effect is overestimated and/or the variance...

Standard 2X2 and replicated 2X2m crossover designs are recommended in the regulatory guidelines to establish bioequivalence of generic drug with off patent brand-name drug. Estimation of sample size, in any clinical trial, targets to optimize the resource usage with assurance of having adequate probability (power) to get significant result. This paper discusses the statistical concept behind sa...

When I began my career in medical statistics, back in 1972, little was heard of power calculations. In major journals, sample size often appeared to be whatever came to hand. For example, in that month, September 1972, the Lancet contained 31 research reports which used individual subject data, excluding case reports and animal studies. The median sample size was 33 (quartiles 12 and 85). In th...

This paper is designed as a tool that a researcher could use in planning and conducting quality research. This is a review paper which gives a discussion of various aspects of designing consideration in medical research. This paper covers the essentials in calculating power and sample size for a variety of applied study designs. Sample size computation for survey type of studies, observation st...

Abstract I seems to be widely believed that the Fourier and Laplace transforms are simply related to each other. Nothing could be further from the truth. The Fourier transform is the basis for the Hilbert vector-space expansion of signals. The Laplace transform is the basis of system functions, that are causal. The Fourier transform does not naturally include the step function, which must be sh...

Description: A comprehensive account of economic size distributions around the world and throughout the years In the course of the past 100 years, economists and applied statisticians have developed a remarkably diverse variety of income distribution models, yet no single resource convincingly accounts for all of these models, analyzing their strengths and weaknesses, similarities and differenc...

Foot prints or tracks are a common sign of the occurrence of a wildlife species. By understanding the relationship between foot size and other physical dimensions of an individual animal, researchers and managers may be able to remotely and inexpensively extract useful information on the size and age distribution of a population from animal tracks (Piekielek and Burton 1975; Beck 1991), especia...

The frequencies of cells containing mature phages, the burst sizes, the phage head sizes and the distribution of phages inside cells of different bacterial morphotypes were investigated in the northern Adriatic Sea. Coccoid bacteria more frequently (2 .5%) contained mature phages than rodshaped bacteria (1.2%) and spirillae (1.4 %). Including an estimation of non-v~sible infection we found that...