OBJECTIVE To study the effects of traffic noise on hearing ability of subjects prone to traffic noise exposure. METHOD A hospital based prospective study was performed comprising of 200 selected subjects significantly exposed to traffic noise. These included rickshaw drivers, traffic constables and shopkeepers in central business area. All subjects were questioned according to a Performa afte...

The objective of this article was to discuss a series of issues pertaining to outdoor sex work practiced by low-income travestis in São Paulo, Brazil. Qualitative methods conducted among this segment of the population revealed sex work as almost inseparable from the existence of travestis as a social group. Among them, the outdoor modality was the most prominent and social stigma was a predispo...

U-turn is a complex driving manoeuvre entailing 180-degree turn to change the direction of travel towards the opposite direction. A cross-sectional survey based on convenience sampling was conducted at 120 U-turns in Karachi from February to October 2013. Shopkeepers operating in the close vicinity of U-turns were interviewed. Out of the 120 U-turns studied, 87(72.5%) were without median and 33...

Many foreign shopkeepers have opened small businesses in South Africa’s township neighbourhoods since the advent of democracy 1994. Over years they encountered animosity from competing African traders, many whom incited xenophobic attacks, and mobilised to curb their businesses. This paper draws on field research Somali Cape Town understand legal consciousness parties involved regulatory effort...

Many subjects in lab experiments show considerable risk aversion in small-stakes gambles. This is counter to the predictions of expected utility theory for any reasonable degree of risk aversion (Rabin 2000) but is consistent with loss aversion in prospect theory. Benjamin, Brown, and Shapiro (forthcoming) show that math skills reduce small-stakes risk aversion, consistent with broader evidence...

We give an algorithm for disambiguating generic versus referential uses of secondperson pronouns in restaurant reviews in Chinese. Reviews in this domain use the ‘you’ pronoun 你 either generically or to refer to shopkeepers, readers, or for selfreference in reported conversation. We first show that linguistic features of the local context (drawn from prior literature) help in disambigation. We ...