level of the hypothesis is referred to as an expectation-lank. The node at the end of an expectation-link is a model-based hypothesis element, and the link represents support from above (i e , the reason for proposing the hypothesis element is to be found at the higher level). 2. ,4 link which goes in the opposite direction, from lower levels of abstraction to higher, is referred to as a reduct...

The m-spotty byte error control codes provide a good source for detecting and correcting errors in semiconductor memory systems using high density RAM chips with wide I/O data (e.g. 8, 16, or 32 bits). m-spotty byte error control codes are very suitable for burst correction. M. Özen and V. Siap [7] proved a MacWilliams identity for the m-spotty Rosenbloom-Tsfasman (shortly RT) weight enumerator...

In 2009 SIAP made a site visit to the Tucson Pima Arts Council (TPAC) to collaborate on a plan to document TPAC’s impact on civic engagement in Tucson and Pima County. The report begins with a review of the policy context in which the project was undertaken, including the findings of the Pima Cultural Plan. This is followed by a discussion of the proposed strategy and specific recommendations f...

Makanan siap saji (instan) merupakan makanan yang sangat mudah dan cepat diolah sebagai pengganti rumahan. ini menggunakan zat aditif berupa bahan pengawet, penyedap, pemanis mapun suplemen. Dewasa penggunaan pada instan tidak dapat dihindari untuk menjamin persediaan peningkatan mutu makanan. Karenanya digemari oleh banyak orang. Bahan-bahan tambahan tersebut organik, ataupun anorganik memungk...