AIM to quantify the extent of counterfeit sildenafil in Indonesia. METHODS the study was conducted in 4 big areas: Jakarta, Bandung, East Java (Surabaya and Malang), and Medan. Sildenafil 100 mg tablets were purchased from pharmacies, drugstores, street peddlers, and 3 Indonesian websites. The outlets were chosen by random sampling in each stratum (type of outlet). Sildenafil tablets purchase...

The effects of sildenafil (Viagra) on hemodynamics and pulmonary gas exchange remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate what effect sildenafil had on gas exchange. A total of 24 anesthetized pigs were randomly assigned into four groups of six animals each: Group Low received 25 mg of sildenafil, which is equivalent to half the recommended dose for humans; group Normal received ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sildenafil blocks phosphodiesterase type 5 which degrades nitric oxide (NO) stimulated 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), thereby relaxing smooth muscle cells in various organs. We used sildenafil as a tool to investigate the role of the NO-cGMP pathway in the oesophagus of healthy volunteers and patients with hypercontractile oesophageal motility disorders. METHODS Six hea...

BACKGROUND Combination therapy is frequently used to treat patients with pulmonary hypertension but few studies have compared treatment regimens. This study examined the long-term effect of different combination regimens of inhaled iloprost and oral sildenafil on survival and disease progression. METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients in the Giessen Pulmonary Hypertension Registry...

Sildenafil and bosentan are often co-administered for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) treatment. The plasma concentration of sildenafil can be decreased by half if co-administered with bosentan. Many patients take these agents simultaneously in the morning and the evening. The aim of this study was to examine the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil which was interfered with bosentan administra...

BACKGROUND We tested the hypothesis that chronic treatment with sildenafil attenuates left ventricular (LV) remodeling and prevents exercise intolerance in chronic mitral regurgitation (MR). METHODS AND RESULTS MR was created in Sprague-Dawley rats by making a hole on the mitral leaflet. Two weeks after MR creation, MR and LV dilatation were confirmed by echocardiography, and rats were random...

Sildenafil citrate tablets (VIAGRA; Pfizer Inc) have been used since 1998 as an oral therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. However, in some cases, patients may have difficulty in swallowing tablets, and the need to use water to aid in the oral administration of the tablets has the potential to interrupt the sexual encounter, reduce spontaneity, and therefore decrease the quality of...

OBJECTIVES Boceprevir is a first-generation direct-acting antiviral licensed for the treatment of hepatitis C infection. Sildenafil is an oral therapy for erectile dysfunction. As boceprevir is a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4, potential pharmacokinetic interactions may occur when it is coadministered with sildenafil. The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetic profile of sildenafil and...

PURPOSE We sought to determine the effect of sildenafil on retinal vascular changes in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). METHODS Vascular defects in OIR mice were quantified by measuring vaso-obliteration at postnatal days 12 and 17 (P12 and P17) and neovascularization at P17 to compare sildenafil-treated to dextrose-treated OIR mice. Retinal HIF1α protein expression was quan...

The possible characteristics of spinal interaction between sildenafil (phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor) and morphine on formalin-induced nociception in rats was examined. Then the role of the opioid receptor in the effect of sildenafil was further investigated. Catheters were inserted into the intrathecal space of male Sprague-Dawley rats. For induction of pain, 50 microL of 5% formalin solution ...