BACKGROUND It is illegal in the EU for tobacco packaging to suggest that some cigarettes are safer than others. This study examined consumer perceptions of cigarette packs in the UK, including perceptions of 'plain packaging', in which colour and other design elements are removed, whilst retaining the brand name. METHODS 516 adult smokers and 806 youth aged 11-17 participated in an online sur...

Silver sintering joints and AuGe soldering are promising technologies for high temperature (>200 C ambient) power electronics packaging. This paper presents the implementation of two silver-sintering processes with the one hand micrometer-scale silver particles, and on the other hand nano-meter-scale particles. Two substrates technologies have been investigated: A12O3 DBC and Si3N4 AMB. After t...

Die attachment is one of the most important processes in the packaging of power semiconductor devices. The current die-attach materials/techniques, including conductive adhesives and reflowed solders, can not meet the advance of power conversation application. Silver paste sintering has been widely used in microelectronics and been demonstrated the superior properties. The high processing tempe...

This thesis examines the packaging of high-temperature SiC power electronic devices. Current-voltage measurements were conducted on as-received and packaged SiC power devices. The planar structure was introduced and developed as a substitution for traditional wire-bonding vertical structure. The planar structure was applied to a high temperature (>250C) SiC power device. Based on the current-vo...

Silver nanoparticles are recognized as effective antimicrobial agents and have been implemented in various consumer products including washing machines, refrigerators, clothing, medical devices, and food packaging. Alongside the silver nanoparticles benefits, their novel properties have raised concerns about possible adverse effects on biological systems. To protect consumer's health and the en...

As an important interconnection material in electronics, conductive silver paste has attracted much research interest chip packaging and printed circuit board due to its predominant properties like high conductivity flexible interconnection. In this paper, the nanoparticles, sphere particles, flake powders are fabricated by various methods. Different proportions of powder selected prepare micro...

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Planomicrobium sp. and to explore the antibacterial activity against food borne pathogenic bacteria Bacillus subtilis, (3053) Klebsiella planticola (2727) Klebsiella pneumoniae (MAA) Serratia nematodiphila (CAA) and Escherichia coli. In the current studies, 1 mM of silver nitrate was added into 100 mL of Planomicrobium sp. culture supernatant. The bior...

Carp silver fish is characterized by mating more than once a year and its growth is very fast as it weighs after one year from 1 to 2.5 kg after two years and 4 kg in the third year and up to 15-20 kg after 5 years and the turning cycle 7 months since hatching and even marketing. It is a good economic source of animal protein as it has the ability to convert weeds and grasses and algae in the e...

Carp silver fish is characterized by mating more than once a year and its growth is very fast as it weighs after one year from 1 to 2.5 kg after two years and 4 kg in the third year and up to 15-20 kg after 5 years and the turning cycle 7 months since hatching and even marketing. It is a good economic source of animal protein as it has the ability to convert weeds and grasses and algae in the e...