In this paper, we apply an effective method to evaluate relative tectonic activity by applying several morph-tectonic indices that are useful in evaluating topography and tectonics. These include stream length-gradient, asymmetric factor, hypsometric index, curves, valley floor width height ratio, drainage basin shape, mountain front sinuosity. The study region of Wadi Al-Arish northern Sinai P...

Abstract The Sinai Peninsula is a subplate located between the African and Arabian plates. It an important in world; however, this region poorly understood because of shortage geophysical data. Thus, study focuses on built three-dimensional (3D) high-resolution forward model crustal thickness with new tectonic structural evaluation to understand area tectonically determine its lithospheric thic...

In this paper, Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy is studied using mathematical modeling of an observer $ Theta $. The relative entropy of a sub-$ sigma_Theta $-algebra having finite atoms is defined and then   the ergodic properties of relative  semi-dynamical systems are investigated.  Also,  a relative version of Kolmogorov-Sinai theorem  is given. Finally, it is proved  that the relative entropy of a...

A comprehensive remote sensing survey of AlUla County in north-west Saudi Arabia has revealed 32 examples the ancient, stone-built animal traps known as ‘kites’. Noting that most (27) are located on Ḥarrat ʿUwayriḍ, a satellite parts lavafield outside was undertaken, identifying further 175 kites. These show commonalities with ‘V-shaped’ kites previously identified mountainous areas along weste...