A general, simple and efficient method for preparing site-specific mutations in double-stranded plasmid DNA without the need for special plasmids, bacterial strains or reagents is described. Only one synthetic oligonucleotide for each mutation is required, subcloning is unnecessary and a high efficiency of mutation (58-97%) was obtained. If two synthetic oligonucleotide primers are used, two se...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare two techniques for surgical site skin preparation in hand surgery. METHODS We compared the standard sponge paint technique versus a plastic bag immersion technique using a 10% povidone-iodine with alcohol solution (Betadine, ORION Laboratories Pty Ltd, Balcatta,WA,Australia) to prepare surgical site skin for hand surgery. This sterile bag rubbin...

Objectives: We aimed to reduce the overall surgical-site infection (SSI) rate 0.2%. Methods: A new checklist protocol was developed based on APSIC guidelines. The bundle for preoperative preparation implemented: adequate bathing, proper time of hand-forearm washing, and sufficient contact antiseptic application. compliance monitored with a weekly control chart from December 2019 November 2020. ...

Bone resorptive patterns may prevent the ideal placement of endosseous implants. Numerous techniques have been described to create a more favorable surgical site for implant placement. This retrospective review was conducted to determine the frequency of need for implant site preparation in an outpatient clinical setting. In addition, different techniques of surgical site preparation were evalu...

Mercury (Hg) is an element of major concern in boreal freshwater ecosystems, due to high concentrations of Hg in fish. Forestry operations have been reported to increase the concentrations and loads of Hg to surface waters. In this thesis a series of catchment-scale experiments were used to determine forestry effects on total mercury (THg) and methyl mercury (MeHg) runoff concentrations caused ...