The relationship between urban morphology and thermal conditions has been subject of several scientific studies and, recently, the role vegetation in this context investigated, aiming to understand its contributions improvement comfort outdoor environments. This study aimed present sky view factor (FVC) comfort. A systematic literature review on was carried out by applying an adaptation Preferr...

tures from geographic information databases. The model outputs are: sun location in Cartesian coordinates; grid cells in shadow and sun; sky view factor in every grid cell; direct and diffuse partition; and finally, the total short wave radiation by each grid cell. Sky view factor and reflections are calculated using a three-dimensional ray tracking method. It consists in casting rays from an h...

Outdoor thermal conditions influence the quality of life in urban commons. Urban vegetation is an effective way to improve pedestrian comfort tropics as it provides shade, reduces surface heating, improves air quality, and human health. The primary objective this study understand correlation between Sky View Factor (SVF) modifications Outdoor Thermal Comfort (OTC) that could ...

The theory of inflation hypothesizes that the Universe underwent a period of rapid expansion less than 10−32 seconds after its birth [1]. If inflation occurred, physicists believe it would have produced large-scale gravitational waves, imprinting a slight swirl-like polarization—known as B modes—on the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the light generated when the Universe was 380,000 years ol...

Aerosols affect climate, health and aviation. Currently, their retrieval assumes a plane-parallel atmosphere and solely vertical radiative transfer. We propose a principle to estimate the aerosol distribution as it really is: a three dimensional (3D) volume. The principle is a type of tomography. The process involves wide angle integral imaging of the sky on a very large scale. The imaging can ...