In this paper we examine how remittances relate to the exchange rate, natural disasters and foreign aid in developing economies. By using panel VAR methods we are able to compensate for both data limitations and endogeneity among variables. We find that while foreign aid tends to appreciate the real exchange rate, remittances do not have the same impact. We also detect an inverse relationship b...

Integrating wind power generation into small islands has been one of the demonstration projects in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Since such integration could deteriorate power quality, including frequency, in an island grid, a frequency-stabilizing system using flywheels has been integrated into a small island. In order to establish a proper frequency-stabilizing scheme for a small island, an accu...

Genetic diversity generally underpins population resilience and persistence. Reductions in population size and absence of gene flow can lead to reductions in genetic diversity, reproductive fitness, and a limited ability to adapt to environmental change increasing the risk of extinction. Island populations are typically small and isolated, and as a result, inbreeding and reduced genetic diversi...

MacArthur and Wilson's theory of island biogeography predicts that island species richness should increase with island area. This prediction generally holds among large islands, but among small islands species richness often varies independently of island area, producing the so-called 'small-island effect' and an overall biphasic species-area relationship (SAR). Here, we develop a unified theor...

St Helena is a non-sovereign British Overseas Territory located in the South Atlantic Ocean. When full citizenship was removed 1981, migration destinations were reduced to Ascension Island and Falkland Islands. The islanders of are not only transnational; they trans-islander. With return 2002, many Helenians migrated UK, depleting population on island, creating doubts regarding island’s future....

We determine the equilibrium morphology of a strained solid lm for the case where it wets the substrate (Stranski-Krastanow growth). Using a continuum elasticity model with isotropic surface energy and equal elastic constants in the lm and substrate, we calculate an asymptotic solution for the axisymmetric three-dimensional equilibrium shape of a small island, where the height is much less than...