Modelling and detecting structural changes in GARCH processes have attracted a great amount of attention in econometrics over the past few years. We generalize Dahlhaus and Rao (2006)’s time varying ARCH processes to time varying GARCH processes and show the consistency of the weighted quasi maximum likelihood estimator. A class of generalized likelihood ratio tests are proposed to check smooth...

We give examples of analytic circle maps with singularities of break type with the same rotation number and the same size of the break for which no conjugacy is Lipschitz continuous. In the second part of the paper, we discuss a class of rotation numbers for which a conjugacy is C1-smooth, although the numbers can be strongly non-Diophantine (Liouville). For the rotation numbers in this class, ...

The dynamics of metal prices are highly significant for worldwide economic activity due to metals being key intermediate inputs industrial production and construction treated as investment assets. In that sense, this study investigates the efficient market hypothesis, i.e., predictability price patterns, several non-renewable resources, namely copper, lead, tin, nickel, zinc, aluminum, gold, pl...

This study analyzes the validity of uncovered interest rate parity for Brazil, India, Indonesia, South Africa, and Turkey, which are grouped as The Fragile Five countries within literature. econometric analysis section benefits from unit root tests, a common method that researchers have started to utilize recently. For this reason, we used Dickey Fuller (1979), Augmented (1981), Philips Perron ...

Neuronal and astroglial cells were prepared from whole brain of three month and 30-month- old rats for study of alterations in the nuclear poly ADP-ribosylation and DNA breaks with age. The relative purity of the cell preparations was confirmed by the determination of the neurofilament (low molecular weight) and glutamine synthetase content of the cells using ELISA. An increase (75%) in th...

OBJECTIVE Cell biological studies demonstrate remarkable similarities between mineralization processes in bone and vasculature, but knowledge of the components acting to initiate mineralization in atherosclerosis is limited. The molecular level microenvironment at the organic-inorganic interface holds a record of the mechanisms controlling mineral nucleation. This study was undertaken to compar...