The objectives of the current study were to determine the amounts of aboveand below-ground plant biomass production, P uptake by forage, and P concentration of cool-season grass forage as influenced by management and season. Five forage management treatments were evaluated over 3 years in smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) pastures. Management practices were: ungrazed (U), hay harvest/fal...

Voluntary intake of forage by ruminants is limited by forage bulk density and the rate at which forage is degraded to particles that can pass from the rumen. Two indirect laboratory measures of intake, neutral detergent ®ber (NDF) concentration and particle-size reduction index (PSRI), are being used in plant breeding programs. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship among...

mine which selection criteria will have the greatest impact on animal performance without detrimental effects Voluntary intake is often the greatest limitation to animal perforon agronomic traits. Plant breeders must evaluate large mance. Two different laboratory measures of intake potential were used as selection criteria in four smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis numbers of individual plants, ...

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), causes economic damage to corn, Zea mays L., throughout the Corn Belt. Because this insect has become the primary target of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) transgenic corn, current efforts addressing the management of O. nubilalis resistance to Bt corn require information on adult European corn borer dispersal and factors affecting its ...

Diversifying agronomic production systems by combining crops and livestock (i.e., Integrated Crop Livestock systems; ICL) may help mitigate the environmental impacts of intensive single-commodity production. In addition, harvesting row-crop residues and/or perennial biomass could increase multi-functionality ICL as a potential source for second-generation bioenergy feedstock. Here, we evaluated...

Alternative hosts increase the difficulty of disease management in crops because these alternate hosts provide additional sources of primary inoculum or refuges for diversity in the pathogen gene pool. Agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass), Bromus inermis (smooth bromegrass), Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass), Stipa viridula (green needlegrass), and Thinopyrum intermedium (intermediate...

A cold-responsive chitinase gene, BiCHT1, was isolated from bromegrass (Bromus inermis) 'Manchar' suspension cells. BiCHT1 messenger RNA was detected at low levels in nonstressed bromegrass cells, whereas its accumulation was induced by incubation at 10 degrees C and 4 degrees C as detected by northern- and western-blot analyses. BiCHT1 was highly homologous to rye CHT9, known to encode an anti...